Butterflies of the Genus Precis. 205 
The phases appear to differ much as in P. sophia, excepting 
that the intermediate and dry phases are far less rare. 
28. Precis hadrope. 
3. Junoma hadrope, Westwood and Hewitson, Gen. Diurn. Lep. 
pl. xxv. fig. 2 (1847). 
2. Junonia ixia, Butler, Ent. Mo. Mag. ii. p. 227 (1866). 
Western Africa. Types, B. M. 
From the material which we possess it is impossible to be 
certain as to the seasonal differences ; but it would seem that 
the ocelli are reduced and the under surface of the secondaries 
becomes paler and less distinctly marked in the dry phase. 
29. Precis octavia. 
Papilio octavia, Cramer, Pap. Exot. ii. p. 60, pl. cxxxv. B, C (1777), 
Papilio amestris, Drury, Ill. Exot. Ent. iii. p. 26, pl. xx. figs. 3, 4 (1782). 
Western and Northern Africa to the Albert Nyanza and 
Somaliland on the East. B. M. 
We have a perfect gradation from the extreme wet phase 
P. octavia to the extreme dry phase indistinguishable from 
P. sesamus; of the latter, however, we have only one im- 
perfect example from Onitsha on the Niger, the ordinary dry 
phase of the West Coast being represented by a less blue form 
—P. amestris. In P. octavia, which never attains to the 
size or rich colouring of its Hastern representative, the belt 
crossing the end of the cell in the primaries is generally 
unbroken, whereas in P. natalensis it is always widely 
interrupted. 
30. Precis sesamus. 
Precis sesamus, Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 347; S. Afr, Butt. 
i, p. 281, pl. iv. fig. 3 (1887). 
Precis octavia, var. natalensis, Staudinger, Exot. Schmett. i. p. 101 
(1885) ; also P. amestris, var. caffraria, pl. xxxviii. 
Junonia calescens, Butler, P. Z. 8. 1893, p. 652 (1894). 
Precis sesamus (int, phase), Butler, P. Z. S. 1900, p. 916, pl. lviii. fig. 1. 
Southern and Eastern Africa. B. M. 
The gradual transitions between the extreme phases of this 
form do not seem to exist, as in the western P. octavia; the 
intermediate phase seems always to show a mass of salmon- 
colour on the upper surface and to vary chiefly in the distri- 
bution of the blue colour which connects it with the typical 
dry phase. 
