oscoop] SCAPHOCEROS TYRRELLI 179 
which however, have been loosely treated as synonyms of Ovibos 
moschatus. The names applied to supposed extinct species are as 
follows: 
1825. Bos bombifrons Harlan, Fauna Americana, pp. 271-272, 1825. 
1827. Ovibos pallantis H. Smith, Griffith’s Cuvier, Anim. Kingd., Iv, p. 374. 
1827. 
1828. Bos ke Dekay, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 1, p. 291, 1828. 
1834. Bos canaliculatus Fischer, Mem. Acad. Moscou, 111, p. 287, 1834. 
1852. Ovibos cavifrons Leidy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 71, 1852. 
1854. Ovibos maximus Richardson, Zool. Voy. H. M. S. Herald, pp. 25-28, 
pl. x1, figs. 2-4, 1854. 
1865. Ovibos priscus Rutimeyer, Verhandl. Naturforsch. Gesellsch. Basel, 
_Iv, p. 328, 1865. 
1895. Bison appalachicolus Rhoads, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. pp. 246- 
248, 1805. 
These various names may be treated separately as follows: 
1. Bos. bombifrons was based on a portion of a skull with the 
horn cores attached found at Big Bone Lick, Kentucky, near the 
falls of the Ohio River. It was collected at the instance of President 
Jefferson by no less a person than Gen. Wm. Clark, famous with his 
associate Lewis for their overland expedition to the Pacific. The 
specimen was described and figured in 1818' but received no scien- 
tific name until 1825 when Harlan called it Bos bombifrons. Ap- 
parently its relationship with Ovibos was not suspected until 1852, 
when Leidy provisionally placed it in that genus and immediately 
designated it, in company with O. cavifrons, as belonging to a new 
genus, Bodtherium. In the same year Leidy published a complete 
description and new figures? of the original specimen under the 
name Bodtherium bombifrons. 
Rutimeyer in 1865 (1. c.), basing his conclusions on Leidy’s 
figures, announced the opinion that the type of bombifrons was the 
skull of a female animal, the male being the one called cavifrons. 
A few years later, Boyd Dawkins, without reference to Rutimeyer, 
expressed the same belief. More recent authors, have therefore 
accepted this conclusion and placed cavifrons as a synonym of 
‘bombifrons.* 
2. Ovibos pallantis was proposed for remains of parts of skulls 
of musk oxen found in the 18th century along the Obi River in 
* Caspar Wistar, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc., 1, pp. 375-380, pl. x1, figs. 10-11, 
1818. 
2Mem. on Extinct Species of Am. Ox, Smiths. Cont. Knowl., v, pp. 17-19, 
pl. iv, fig. 2, pl. v, figs. 1-2, 1852. 
3 Paleontog. Soc., vol. Xxv, pt. V, p. 20, 1871. 
4B, g., Lydekker, Wild Oxen, Sheep, and Goats of All Lands, p. 148, 1898. 
