STEJ NEGER] ANIMALS AND PLANTS OF NORWAY 485 
cupies the southern coast from Stavanger east to the Swedish 
frontier, the center of distribution being between Mandal and 
Arendal. 
The essential difference between these two groups of plants is 
not one of lesser or greater hardiness and consequent latitudinal 
difference in south-and-north extension. It is rather one of gen- 
eral distribution, the Subatlantic species being of more eastern 
affinities and range than the Atlantic ones, indicating a previous 
history of evolution and dispersal entirely different in the two 
groups. This is not only shown in their having two distinct cen- 
ters of distribution in Norway, but also by their respective ranges 
in Denmark and especially in Ireland. All the true Atlantic species 
in western Norway are also found in northern Scotland and almost 
all in northern and northwestern Ireland. The Subatlantic species, 
on the other hand, as a rule, do not reach Scotland and some even 
miss southern Ireland. 
Blytt’s conclusions were based chiefly on the distribution of the 
vascular plants. Since his time the bryophytes of Norway have 
been studied more in detail, and the results yielded by them for our 
purpose are even more conclusive, especially the recent studies of 
the Norwegian hepaticee (liverworts) by Kaalaas (Nyt Mag. 
Naturv., XXXII, 1892-1893, pp. 1-490) and by Jorgensen (Bergens 
Mus. Aarb., 1901, No. 9 and No. 11). According to them there 
are no less than 27 species of “ Atlantic” hepaticee on the west 
coast of Norway, as follows: 
Lejeunea calcarea. Saccogyna viticulosa. 
Lejeunea ulicina. Herberta adunca. 
Lejeunea ovata. Scapania gracilis. 
Lejeunea patens. Scapania planifolia. 
Radula aquilegia. Scapania ornithopodioides. 
Radula carringtoni. Plagiochila punctata. 
Porella radicata. Jungermannia orcadensis. 
Porella platyphylloidea. Jungermanmia atlantica,* 
Pleurozia cochleariformis. Jungermannia ovata. 
Pleurozia purpurea. Jungermannia doniana. 
Lepidozia pearson. Nardia compressa. 
Lepidozia pinnata. Gymnomitrium crenulatum. 
Adelanthus decipiens. Fossombronia angulosa. 
Kantia arguta. 
*This has not been recorded from Britain, as yet, but since it has been 
credited to the Fardes by Jensen (Bot. Fer6es, I, 1901, p. 133) it will prob- 
ably eventually be found in Scotland also, if really an Atlantic species. 
