VENTURELLO] MANNERS AND CUSTOMS OF TAGBANUAS 551 
a soul presents itself at the entrance of Basad, there is found at the 
door the god Angogro, who, when his eyes are open, is asleep and 
when his eyes are closed is awake. The soul about-to enter will 
receive freedom and is permitted to return to earth, if the bar 
obstructs the entrance; on the contrary if the bar ascends, it signi- 
fies that all hope to return to life has perished. The soul that 
enters Basad is examined by Angogro regarding the life he 
led upon earth. He is warned to tell the truth; for before him 
Angogro it is in vain to lie, since naught is hidden from him. 
The soul thus summoned to the judgment, will begin to extol his 
virtues and good works and end by telling his evil deeds. The 
examination being ended the soul is sent to Diwata who decides the 
case. If the result is good the soul enters Lampanag, a beautiful 
abode; if on the contrary the soul is guilty he is thrust into the 
depths of Basal where in large caldrons are fire and boiling water. 
The Batacs of Caruray also have certain other saints. Siabu- 
anan is a saint who is a demi-god. It is his duty to aid Angogro 
to receive the souls and to make known to him whether the soul 
being a male, had known how to cut trees, how to handle the bow 
and the blow-gun with skill and accuracy and whether he fulfilled 
his duties with honor. If the answer be yes, then the soul is per- 
mitted to present himself before Diwata unharmed; if, on the con- 
trary, the answer be no, then Siabuanan punishes him, hitting his 
fingers with a small hammer with which he is armed. The soul that 
had been a woman is also questioned concerning her private life 
and the ordinary duties pertaining to her sex, such as the weaving 
of petates, tampipes of cafia bojo, the small baskets for tobacco or 
buyo, the making of cloth of the bark of trees, etc., and finally their 
hands are examined in order to note the calloused spots. If the 
examination be favorable the soul enters Lampanag; if, on the 
contrary, their lives have been lazy and their hands are not calloused, 
then they are also punished by Siabuanan. 
The other saints are Bancacalo, Paraen, and Buenguelen (the 
last two are married) and Baybayanen. ‘These saints are of 
great strength. Their deeds of valor are innumerable. In remote 
times when piracy reigned all over the island, the people were saved 
on many occasions from capture and slavery. Because of this, 
terror possessed the minds of the Moro pirates, a feeling which still 
continues among them; for no Moro ventures to attack the moun- 
tain Batacs, especially the Tandolanos of whom we will speak later. 
This tribe celebrates: no fiestas with the exception of that of 
