118 Canon A. M. Norman—wNotes on the 
56. Escharella immersa (Fleming). 
1828. Berenicea immersa, Fleming, Hist. Brit. Animals, p. 533. 
1847. Lepralia Peachii, Johuston, Hist. Brit. Zoophytes, edit. 11. p. 319, 
pl. ly. figs. 5, 6. 
To remove any doubt as to this synonymy, I may state 
that I have examined Johnston’s specimens of Lepralia im- 
mersa in the British Museum, and they are undoubtedly the 
same as his L. Peachit. 
Taken at Nordkyn (Nordgaard). 
57. Escharella abyssicula (Norman). 
Sveerholt (Nordgaard). 
58. “ Mucronella”’ sincera (Smitt). 
1867. Discopora sincera, Smitt, “ Kritisk Forteckning, &e.” p. 28, 
pl. xxvii. figs. 178-180. 
1876. Discopora sincera, Norman, ‘ Valorous’ Report, Proc. Roy. Soe. 
vol. xxv. p. 208. 
1877. Lepralia sincera, Hincks, “ Polyzoa Iceland and Labrador,” 
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xix. p. 102, pl. xi. fig. 2. 
1880. Hemeschara sincera, Busk, “ Polyzoa North Polar Exped.,” 
Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. vol. xv. p. 237. 
1880. Mucronella simplex, Hincks, “ Hydrozoa and Polyzoa of Barents 
Sea,” Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 280, pl. xv. fig. 7. 
1900. Mucronella sincera, Nordgaard, Norwegian N. Atlan. Exped. 
xxvili. Polyzoa, p. 14, pl. i. figs. 13-15, 
Bég Fiord, East Finmark, in 120 fathoms (4. M. N.); 
Sveerholt (Nordgaard). Other specimens in my collection 
are from Spitsbergen (Smitt); off Hare Island, Waigat 
Strait, Greenland, 175 fathoms (‘ Valorous, 1875); also 
Greenland (Copenhagen Museum), and Proven, Greenland 
(Smitt) ; and the form Mucronella prelucida, Hincks, Gulf 
of St. Lawrence (Whiteaves). 
The oral opening is subject to considerable variation; the 
lower lip is often more or less produced, commonly evenly 
(see Nordgaard’s figure 15), more rarely acutely (as Nord- 
gaard, figs. 13, 14), and the last condition seems to be the 
Mucronella simplex, Hincks, and hence it has been placed by 
himself and Nordgaard in the genus Mucronella; but with 
this genus it has no connexion, for the oral point is a mere 
projection of the margin, and, as Hincks himself wrote, “ the 
oral denticle is wanting.” The form of the oral opening is 
also subject to considerable variation. In zocecia without 
ocecia the outline is circular or subcircular, but in other 
cases (Spitsbergen examples) it is nearly of the form assigned 
by Hincks to his genus Lepralia. Oral spines are unknown, 
