388 Dr. H. Charlton Bastian on the Origin 
like their germs, are invariably, at first, found to be motionless. 
This primary motionless condition is, in fact, the rule in the 
case of organisms taking their origin by heterogenesis. 
Thus, when Monads are formed in the pellicle on a hay infu- 
sion, they are at first motionless ; when Amebe or Actino- 
phrys are developed from the substance of large Confervoid 
cells or from resting-spores of Spzrogyra, and again when 
Amcebe, Monads, Peranemata, or Ciliated Infusoria arise 
from the transformations of the substance of the ege of this 
or that Rotifer—in all these cases also the resulting organisms 
are at first motionless *. 
These two points are therefore of great importance. For 
the purpose of interpretation it should be borne in mind that 
in cases of Infection by Bacteria and their allies we have to 
do with adult organisms in a state of activity, while in cases 
where Heterogenesis may be presumed to be occurring we 
have invariably, in the first place, to do with germs and 
motionless organisms Tt. 
I shall now proceed to mention some instances in which it 
seems clear that Bacteria and their allies have arisen by 
heterogenesis. I make a selection for this purpose of a few 
typical cases out of many others which I might have cited. 
Bacteria may constantly be seen developing in the way I 
have mentioned within the living cells and filaments of 
various Algew. In Vaucheria and in Spirogyra this is 
commonly to be seen where the plants have been kept in 
unnatural conditions for a time—shut up, for instance, either 
in a cupboard or within a stone pot. In the case of Vau- 
cherta they may often best be recognized in and near the 
growing points of the filaments, where they show themselves 
first as mere motionless specks, which gradually develop into 
Bacilli, and, after a time, take on an active existence. In the 
filaments presenting these appearances the wall may appear 
quite healthy, showing no signs of softening, nor is there any 
indication whatever of the penetration of Bacteria from 
without. The development of Bacteria within the cells of 
Spirogyra may be best seen in cases where the endochrome 
is not very abundant and the cells are small. Motionless, 
colourless particles seem to bud from the edges and surface of 
the bands of endochrome, and some of these gradually take 
* See my ‘Studies in Heterogensis,’ pp. 5, 8, 10, 31, 46, 69. 
+ Of course by “ germs” I mean here merely minute and undifferen- 
tiated stages of the organisms in question, produced by heterogenesis, 
and not the ordinary acceptation of the word, viz. a reproductive unit 
formed in an organism of like kind. 
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