of Bacteria and their Allies by Heterogenesis. 393 
large number of the cells scattered throughout the sections 
were found to show the most delicate branching tufts of a 
new kind of microphyte, probably a species of Cladothriz, 
which had taken the stain slightly, and such as are shown in 
Pl. XXV. fig. 5 (x 500). These tufts were mostly seen to be 
sprouting from the external surface of the primordial utricle 
where it had shrunk away from the cell-wall. No Bacteria 
and no ordinary Mycelia were found in either of the sections, 
though they were most carefully examined. 
A few experiments have also been made with small Turnips 
about two inches in diameter, to two of which I will now 
refer. 
A perfectly sound turnip of the size mentioned was, in 
November 1901, first well washed in water and then allowed 
to soak in a screw-top bottle in a 10 per cent. formalin solu- 
tion for ten minutes. It was subsequently treated in exactly 
the same manner as the potatoes had been. After the top of 
the bottle had been tightly screwed on, it was left on the top 
of the incubator at a temperature of about 80° F. for seven 
weeks. 
On examination at the expiration of this time, the turnip 
was found to be somewhat shrivelled in its upper two thirds. 
The odour of the bottle was disagreeable and pungent, though 
slightly aromatic and spirituous. ‘he odour was so strong 
that it did not seem likely that the shrivelling was due to 
evaporation, owing to the screw-top not having been quite 
air-tight. 
On section the rather shrivelled upper two thirds was 
found to be much discoloured and honeycombed, the lower 
third being much less so. Sections were made and soaked in 
dilute ‘ mastzellen”’ stain ; and on examination cells here and 
there, not continuously, but in the upper and lower portions 
alike, were found to be crowded with very minute Bacteria, 
most of which took the stain only slightly. In Pl. XXYV. 
fig. 6, A (x 500), a large aggregate of these organisms is to 
be seen, with others scattered about over contiguous portions 
of the section. 
Another small turnip of the same size as the last was, at 
the same date, after being well washed, placed in a screw-top 
bottle and stood on a small earthenware pot, in order to 
protect it from actual contact with 6 drachms of pure formalin 
which had previously been poured into the bottle. ‘The top 
was then tightly screwed on, and the bottle was placed on the 
incubator by the side of the other at about 80° I’., where it 
