of Bacteria and their Allies by Heterogenesis. 395 
When present the growth seemed to start from the cell-wall 
close to the nuclei, if not from the nucleus itself. No Bacillt 
were seen; but in some cells what appeared, judging from 
their uniform size and mode of arrangement, to be a number 
of Micrococci were found on the primordial utricle, such as are 
shown in Pl. XXVI. fig. 7, B (x 375). Theyscarcely stained 
at all with carbo-fuchsine*. 
I have now to record an interesting case of spontaneous 
change in some apples, which occurred under the following 
circumstances :—Last autumn I received from a friend in 
America a case of very choice Canadian apples. ‘The case 
had a separate cardboard partition for every apple, and they 
were all in excellent condition. Some of them were kept as 
late as the second week in January of this year. From 
about the middle of December I noticed that many of these 
apples, when cut through the centre, showed a brown discolo- 
ration which seemed to begin at a number of separate points 
around the periphery of the core, as may be seen in Pl. XX VI. 
fig. 8, A & B (4 nat. size). An early stage of the change 
is shown in A, and a more advanced stagein B. In all other 
respects the apples were perfectly sound and of a delicious 
_ flavour, and none of those eaten anterior to the date mentioned 
showed any unusual appearance. Towards the end of 
December the above photographs were taken; and, on con- 
sulting Lindley’s ‘ Vegetable Kingdom,’ it became plain, from 
a figure there shown (p. 559), that these points of change 
occurred at the junction of the ovarian and the calycine 
portions of the fruit. 
I examined portions of the altered tissue under the micro- 
scope, fully expecting to find some Mould as the cause of the 
change. But, much to my surprise, after a tolerably careful 
examination, | was unable to feel sure that organisms of any 
kind were to be found in the tissue which had become thus 
altered. Subsequently I tried to stain some sections, and 
made a still more careful examination, with the result that L 
found on or in the primordial utricle of many cells cocci-like 
bodies looking like the germs of microorganisms. But as 
their nature seemed doubtful I took two of the apples to 
Dr. Allan Macfadyen and asked him kindly to see whether 
any microorganisms could be developed from this altered 
tissue of the apple. On January dth he wrote to me as 
follows: “‘ I was unable to detect the presence of Bacteria in 
the Canadian apples you left here, by microscopical exami- 
* As the magnification is low, the use of a pocket-lens will make these 
organisms more distinct, especially those near the centre of the figure. 
