70 Bihliographical Notices. 



Siwalik beds. Rhizomys sivalensis is known from mandibles and a 

 calcaneum, and appears to be distinguished from living species by 

 the relative size and breadth of the molar teeth. The porcupines 

 are represented by a mandible named Hystrioc sivalensis. Com- 

 parisons are made to distinguish it from H. cristata and IT. hirsuti- 

 rosti'is, as we)! as to show its relations with other fossil species. A 

 young cranium is also figured which probably belongs to the same 

 species. Then follow supplementary notes on ruminants. First 

 the Cervus latidens of a previous volume is redescribed as Oreas ? 

 latidens, with the conclusion that the dentition indicates a large 

 antelope nearly equal to the eland, having marked affinity veith 

 Oreas and less conspicuous affinity with Tragoceros and Palceoryx. 

 An upper molar is similarly referred with doubt to the genus Palce- 

 oryx. Other remains are considered to indicate the genus Bosela- 

 plius. Tragulus sivalensis is a Siwalik type known from its teeth, 

 and the author finds no difference but size to separate the fossil 

 from existing species, though such slight variation as exists makes 

 some approach to Moschus. Moschus is a genus indicated with 

 doubt on the evidence of a premolar, and it is remarked that it is 

 impossible to distinguish this tooth from that of the musk-deer 

 except by its smaller size. 



The genus Cervus, enlarged to include the various subgenera, 

 yields two new species. Cervus simpUcidens closely approaches in 

 tooth-characters to Cervus axis, having the necks of the crowns of 

 the true molars on different levels ; but in the living species the 

 third upper premolar is relatively shorter, the outei part of the 

 fourth premolar rather less symmetrical, and the true molars rela- 

 tively wider. Cervus triplidens is nearly allied to the C. Davidi- 

 anus. They have strongly marked costce on their outer surfaces, 

 and the crowns are higher than those of Cervus simplicidens. A 

 third species, Cervus sivalensis, is represented by teeth resembling 

 those of C. Duvaucelli, but having more rugose enamel, a distinct 

 cingulum, and a smaller accessory column in the molar teeth. 



Then succeeds a useful synopsis of the Siwalik and Xarbada 

 Mammalia, with references to the original descriptions and to 

 the previous parts of the present work. Advantage is taken of 

 this recapitulation to vary the nomenclature of some of the types. 



Part 4 is devoted to the Siwalik birds, some of which have 

 already been described by Mr. William Davies. Among these is the 

 Pelecanus Cautleyi, founded on the distal extremity of a left ulna. 

 Although the comparisons have shown it to be distinct from such 

 species as were available for coDiparison, the author regards the 

 name as provisional, since existing species remain with which no 

 comparison can be made. 



A second species is the Pelecanus sivalensis, also founded on the 

 distal extremity of an ulna, and for similar reasons the name is 

 regarded as provisional. Phalacrocorax is known from a meta- 

 tarsus, and is almost undistinguishable from P. carho of New Zealand. 

 Leptoptilus Falconeri is founded on various remains, which also 

 appear to the author to make the name provisional. An mdeter- 



