356 Mr. H. J. Carter on 



by its projection to give the surface a hispid or villous cha- 

 racter ; 3, echinating, also subpinlike, but smooth. Structure 

 rather open and reticulated on the surface, becoming more 

 compact towards the centre of the lamina. Size of specimen 

 7x7 in. and J in. thick. 

 Depth 20 fath. 



10. Echinoclathria nodosa. 



Stipitate, caulescent, branching, small specimen growing 

 on and over an Ascidian ; branches nodulated, interuniting. 

 Consistence soft, resilient. Colour, when fresh, not mentioned, 

 now brown sponge-colour. Surface of branches irregularly 

 nodose, uniformly granulated over all. Vents in the sulci 

 between the nodulations. Spicules of two forms, viz. : — 1, 

 skeletal, acuate, smooth, 35 by l-6000th ; 2, echinating, also 

 acuate and smooth, 25 by l|-6000th ; the former confined to 

 the interior, the latter chiefly to the granulations on the sur- 

 face. Structure very compact throughout, but not axially 

 condensed or hardened. Size of specimen 3| in. high by 

 3x2 in, horizontally. 



Depth 5 fath. 



1 1 . EcMnoclathria subhispida, 



Stipitate, compressed bunch of stalks with short stem ; 

 stalks cylindrical at first, then dividing at short distances 

 dichotomously and polychotomously, finally terminating in 

 flat, expanded, round ends more or less bifid. Consistence 

 firm. Colour, when fresh, " Venetian red," now rich brown. 

 Surface uniformly granulated, subhispid. Pores and vents 

 not seen. Spicules of two forms, viz. : — 1, skeletal, acuate, 

 smooth, 30 by l^-6000th, chiefly confined to the fibre ; 2, 

 echinating, also acuate, smooth, small, thin, about 20-6000ths 

 long. Structure consisting of short-jointed tough fibre more 

 or less compact, becoming denser towards the axis. Size of 

 specimen 5 in. high by 5 X ^ horizontally. 



Depth 11 fath. 



12. Echinoclathria gracilis., 

 Stipitate, caulescent, branches long, very slender, irregu- 

 larly cylindrical, about | in. in diameter, dichotomously and 

 polychotomously divided near the stem, afterwards ending in 

 long stalks terminating in round ends. Consistence hard. 

 Colour, when fresh, " dark red," now dark brown. Surface 

 even, minutely granulated. Vents apparently few and scat- 

 tered. Spicules of two forms, viz. : — 1, skeletal, acuate, 

 smooth, comparatively small, 25 by l-6000th; 2, echinating, 

 small, acuate, fusiform, with slightly and terminally spined 



