ANALYTIC ORTHOGRAPHY. 285 
CHAPTER V. 
THE GREEK ALPHABET. 
It is clear therefore, that a uniform system of Greek pronunciation is needed; and the truth of this position very few 
scholars will question. Such a system independently of its giving individuality to a language—a circumstanée by no 
means to be overlooked,—will put the Greek on the same footing with the Hebrew, which no one has yet seriously at-. 
tempted to read after the analogy of any of the modern languages of Hurope.—K. A. Sornoc.es, History of the Greek 
Alphabet.. Cambridge and Boston, U. 8. A. First Edition, 1848, p. v., 2d ed. 1854. 
2114. Figure, Name, Power, As in Figure, name, power, as in 
Aa. dhga. a arm. drt. Ny vv n noon. 
BEB Bira b bay. eS & cs azis. 
Ise spaynnnas g,ng giving. 00 0 pmxpov 6 obey. 
dod Oehta. d dell. 7 © Te p pea. 
Ee eythov e epsom. P p[p] po r [rh as in Welsh. ] 
ZE Cire zd wisdom. 206 . ciypa 8 seek. 
Hy ita. é there. To TAD t tower. 
O00 Oita th thin. Yyrv ddidov y [ Danish y. ] 
Te COTO i field. Popo ¢ ph 
Kz xOTTO. c cap. Xx ye ch [ German. ] 
Ad AéB00. 1 damb. Phy ge ps, bs, eclipse, rodson. 
Mp po m moon. Qo @ peya 0 own. 
114a. Ov, ov, #, properly a diphthong like o-w in no-wonder, which should be preserved. 
At an early period it was pronounced both by Greeks and Romans, like French ow, La- 
tin U, the oo in fool. 
115. ‘ sprrITUS ASPER (rough breathing,) English h, placed over the second character of 
diphthongs or digraphs, as 05 where, read ho-w or hoo. The (’) spirittis lenis (smooth breath- 
ing) indicates the absence of the rough breathing, as in the English owe. It is not indi- 
cated in inscriptions. 
115a. As it is hardly possible to commence a word with a vowel, without allowing a 
little inaudible breath to pass before the vocal ligaments begin to vibrate, this, as Chavée 
suggests, may be the smooth breathing. 
116. As zd has the single character z,* so its cognate st is sometimes written with a single 
letter, as in d¢poy or dorpoyv (a star.) In writing the Doric and Kolic dialects, ¢ was re- 
placed by od, as if the double sound varied from that in wisdom to that in misdeed. The 
character o is used, except as a final, to which ¢ is restricted, as in cogoc, (wise.) 
*See Haldeman. Investigation of the power of the Greek Z by means of Phonetic laws.—Phonetic Jour- 
nal, Sept. 24, 18538. 
