ANALYTIC ORTHOGRAPHY. 319 
278. The Greek cxbiov is considered the original of the Latin spélitim (booty;) but cxbiov 
may be a cognate of ctitis (a skin,) xa4vzzw (to hide,) célo (to con-ceal;) and s-PoL-IuU™ may 
be a cognate of péllis (a skin.) } 
OTOSIS. 
279. Otosis is a change in words due to a misconception of the true sound, influencing 
consonants of the same quality; nasals, aspirates, sonants, and surds, generally retaining 
these phases in their new position. The word is formed from Groc, the genitive case 
of od¢ (the ear.) 
280. The French nasal vowels recall the sounds which most nearly resemble them in 
English, as m, n, ng. This has turned -o" into -oon, as in pontoon, bassoon, dragoon. 
—M:-+N. Eng. bosom, Ger. busen, Latin Méspilu™ (a medlar,) Ital. néspéla. 
281. H++S. Gr. Yay, Latin Salix, willow,—ézéo, Supér, over. In Hebrew, H occurs 
final, but becomes S in Greek and Latin, partly by induction and partly by otdsis. Hence, 
the double forms Jonah and Jonas; Jeremiah and Jeremias (with English y as initial,) 
perhaps inductively aided by Greek names in -as. There is a final Sanscrit aspirate 
which has a particular character, neither 4 nor s. This was probably h pronounced with 
the mouth partially closed, causing the breath to strike the palate and teeth, thus giving 
an effect resembling s. As heard by us in modern Bengalee, it sounded like a short 
abrupt /. We have proposed the figure 5 for it, as this is sufficiently like s, whilst it 
resembles one of the forms of German capital 4—H++F. Archaic Latin Fircus, Lat. 
Hircus (a goat.) 
282. Sh++S, H. A person unacquainted with the English sibilant sh, would be likely 
to refer it to s or A, or to some other surd aspirate he might be familiar with. Hence, 
the English word sheep has become Hira in Hauaian, and Sip in Penobscot. For a similar 
reason the peculiar ‘cerebral’ s of the Sanscrit word for six became hf in the Greek &, 
and s in the Latin Sex; whilst the Sanscrit word (said to contain English sh, and w) 
sh wash ura became (if indeed this is the oldest form,) Greek pd¢ (brother-in-law) and 
Latin socér. Having the original element sh, the Germans preserved it in their form 
schwager, and the Hungarians (s as sh) insogor. The Latin took s by induction in 
both cases, because as an initial, s occurs about twenty times as often ash. The cay of 
the Latin socer is probably older than the palatal of the oriental form, which may have 
been shwacura originally. 
283. Chi+F. When the old English ch (%) began to fall into disuse, its sound was either 
dropped, as in though, through, plow, not, or confounded with f, as in tough, cough, rough, 
enough. So 7047, which by permutation gave Gall and Colic to English, gave Fél (gall) 
to Latin. Contrariwise, the English craft, soft, after, are the Belgian kracht, zacht, achter. 
