336 ANALYTIC ORTHOGRAPHY. 
are unmarked, v in wp, pure and nasal, iin fect; the acute accentual marks a@ short ac- 
cented vowel, and the grave would be used for a long one. 
ticve te“nale téstv— 
used by an old chief at a council, and incorrectly rendered by the interpreter—“ the wind 
blowing from my direction will indicate where I am”—hbecause the ordinary word for 
smoke was replaced by that for wind. On the prairies a column of smoke is a prominent 
object which may be seen ata great distance. The speaker wished to convey the idea 
that—“the distant smoke ascending from my fire will inform you where I am,” or, “the 
smoke at a distance will rise in the air from the place where I am,” ti, at a distance; eva? 
connects the subject with the speaker, the next ¢is probably a fulcrum to prevent the 
concurrence of the two vowels: téstv’, shall be blowing. 
364. Quantity can be indicated in two other modes, and although the appearance of a 
printed page (whether of speech or music,) is secondary to its accuracy in depicting defi- 
nite phenomena, these modes will offend the eye less than the normal Latin mode. There 
are three variations in the width of type, named extended, medium and condensed, and these 
would answer extremely well for the three lengths of vowels, except that 1, i, are not dis- 
tinct.* The following are examples:— 
Extended, AMIOUY aeciouy. 
Mediums rte teO) Ue ave tor ys 
Condensed, A ETO UY aeiouy. 
465. In Italic typography, the termination of a, e, 7, u, might be cut off at its lowest 
point, and be supplied with a separate type like that used to add a little flourish to finals 
in script printing. This addition could be broader or narrower according to the length of 
the vowel.} . 
366. Quantity is influenced by consonants. Sonants, which have length themselves, 
may accompany long vowels, and surds may accompany short ones. In the following 
pairs, the second is longer than the first; and in German, zeichen éoken, is shorter than 
zeig-en, to in-dic-ate. 
* “As short vowels and consonants are generally more frequent, it is practically most convenient to mark length 
only. . . . The condensed, medium, and broad-faced type would be very troublesome to distinguish accurately by 
the eye. J do not think you would approve of it if you had twenty pages of such type (especially in small fonts) 
to read.” Zilis, MS. 
+ An economic provisional typography could be made by using italics (or small Roman letters) and spaces, but 
excluding capitals, Let the first and second line of u, n, 7, a, d, p, b, g, 9, y, h, &, be formed of separate types, 
some of them meaning nothing except in combination; let a few new marks be made (like _to form 1_for 7, to 
avoid the dot,) and let the required letters be built up from these, as in music printing. Dr. Rapp (Grundrisz, 
Vol. IL., p. 8, &c.,) has formed in this manner a character for ng out of » (inverted italic 7) the two members being 
not quite in contact. 
