ANALYTIC ORTHOGRAPHY. 359 
482. Max Miller refers this Sanscrit vowel ‘I to 7 in friendly (and Hichhoff says the ’r is 
common in English, meaning probably the smooth 7 in fur.) But the -ly in friendly is 
the li- of live (transposed in ill,) it is the -ley of medley, and if this word is pronounced 
with the final vowel suppressed, no ear can distinguish’ the then final 7 from that of 
meddle (=medl,) or the / in bulb from that of the transposed bubl, the difference between 
medley and medl’y being in the diaeresised vowel, (§ 169.) And the question may be 
asked—If the four English sonants ‘medl’ do not spell meddle, what do they spell? 
483. WN surd afflate (§ 195, 469°,) we have heard in Cherokee (§ 624”,) and a forcible 
sonant form ($469",) in Albanian, as in the word hiih (nose), of which it may be a 
metathesis. 
INDISTINCTNESS. 
484. A dot below a letter should not be used for any important phase of speech, for as the 
least mark, it should indicate the slightest sound, whether vowel or consonant. The Abbé 
Proyart, in his History of Loango, 1776, says of the language—“ There are many words 
which begin with m, n, as in mFouka, nGoio, but these letters are pronounced so slightly, 
that they who are strangers to the language would pronounce after them Fouka, Goio.” 
“Some Dakotas, in some instances, introduce aslight 6 sound before m, and also a d sound 
before n.” (These are examples of eduction.) “The letter » is hardly heard, and often 
not at all in the pronunciation of manji, [Fr. ,] in all the words that begin with it.”— 
Baraga, Otchipwe Dictionary, p. 216. 
485. We have heard this n in Wyandot, (= vondot,) where the speaker denied its 
existence, and would not have written it, had the language been a written one. It occurs 
in nddce (nddze, four,) and in the name of the town scandéhte't' (beyond the pines,) 
Skenectady in New York—spelt schenectady, the sch being due to the Dutch. The his 
the ordinary one, and a slight aspirate closes the word. The accent and the last three 
vowels are traditionally correct, to remain so until some phonetician fancies that the third 
syllable should have the vowel of fat, as malady is supposed to have the vowel of the first 
syllable repeated in the second. 
486. A slight » (not ng) occurs before gay in the Wyandot— 
tinGiva > ihe’r dans,0¢3.é>. 
® nuts * he-eats " the-bear. 
nJ.o, Jé>* bear; (in Cherokee, sane.) Here medial quantity is marked with (1). The 
vis smooth, and + (§ 568) is the Arabic hamza. 
ARABIC LINGUALS. 
487. Of the Arabic linguals Lepsius says—“ In their formation, the breadth of the tongue 
