122 GLACIOLOGY 



range of Beacon Sandstone, belonging to the nunatak on the left, is the one on 

 which Wild observed the seven seams of coal, from one of which he obtained 

 sjiecimens by chopping them out with his ice axe. 



The Wild, Marshall, and Adams Mountains, rising respectively to heights of 

 11,217 feet, 10,494 feet, and 11,809 feet, afford fine examples of tributary glaciers 

 and cirques, while farther north, beyond the Bingley Glacier, the mountains rise to 

 13,500 feet in Mount Dorman and 14,624 feet in Mount Kirkpatrick to the west of 

 the Cloudmaker. The sharp peak near Adams Mountains affords a particularly fine 

 example of rocky aretes. 



Ice-falls were encountered in farther ascent above the great nunatak. Mount 

 Buckley, for over 50 miles farther to the south up to a level of about 8000 feet. 

 The inland ice therefore, at least as far south as this in that locality, must be in a 

 state of fairly rapid movement. 



At their farthest point south in lat. 88° 23' S., long. 162° E., the Southern 

 Party must have been at or close to the highest point of the inland ice at that spot, 

 in fact at the " ice divide." 



The terribly crevassed surface met with by Shackleton's party on the Beardmore 

 Glacier proves that the whole glacier must be in rapid movement, as of course is 

 also evidenced by the vast pressure waves I'aised by this huge glacier at its confluence 

 with the Ross Barrier and for 20 miles beyond. Huge as must be the annual 

 output of ice from the glacier, it is only a small proportion of the former yield when 

 the surface of the glacier was some 3000 feet higher than it is at present. 

 Amongst other evidences of recent considerable shrinkage are the intensely glaciated 

 terraces of rock, many hundreds of feet above the present level of the glacier. These 

 are well shown on Plate XXXIX. 



The subject of the past history of the Beardmore and other outlet glaciers 

 draining into Ross Sea, and there constituting the Ross Barrier, is so indisputably 

 linked up with the history of the Ross Barrier itself, that we may now pass on to 

 consider that most wonderful of all known floating piedmonts.* 



* The extent of the Barrier discovered by Lieutenant Filchner at the head of the Weddell Sea is 

 not yet known, but it is improbable that it is as large as the Ross Barrier. 



