126 GLACIOLOGY 



depth to a meau of -9° (F.) ; but, at a distance of 10 miles from the land, he got 

 a different result. Here, at first, the temperature fell, but as the thermometer was 

 lowered its column rose again until, at a depth of 19 fathoms, it showed zero. 

 Deeper than this he could not go, on account of the snow in the crevasse ; but I 



Fig. 47. Plan showing changes in the edge of the Ross Baiiiei' near Amundsen's headquaitei s at 

 the Bay of Whales since the time of Scott's Expedition in the Discovery in 1902. The outline of 

 the Bay of Whales in 1911 is after Amundsen 



think it must be conceded that the only reasonable cause for such a rise of tem- 

 perature as was observed, is the presence of water beneath the ice." 



The Shackleton Expedition, in 1908, skirted the Barrier eastwards, hoping to 

 reach King Edward VII. Land, or, failing that, determined to winter at Balloon 



