314 TECTONIC GEOLOGY 



expedition found numerous bird bones, since referred to five new genera of pen- 

 guins,* besides two vertebrae of a big mammal referred to the genus Zeuglodon. 

 It is very interesting to note that remains of a large penguin have been obtained in 

 New Zealand in the Oamaru beds, which are considered to be of Eocene age. 



At Cockburn Island, to the north of Seymour Island, Andersson describes a 

 pecten conglomerate 160 metres above sea-level. He considers this to be probably 

 of Pliocene age, and the equivalent of the Parana beds to the north of the Argentine 

 Eepublic, or of the Cape Fairweather beds of Southern Patagonia. The strati- 

 graphical sequence from the Pliocene to the present in the Graham Land region is 

 admirably summarised by Andersson. f This concise summary is so important for 

 the purpose of the question now being discussed, that we transcribe it here in full : — 



Development of Southernmost S. American and Graham Land. 



It is of special interest to note that Andersson considers that the mountain-folding 

 takes place in the Graham Land regions after the close of the Senonian and in Pre- 

 Eocene or early Eocene time. It is also a matter of great interest to note that the 

 Cretaceous rocks lie on the eastern side of Graham Land. If, therefore, Graham 

 Land, as seems now very probable, represents the extension from the Devil's Glacier, 

 south-east of the great horst of the Ross region, the newer rocks of Andean 

 type lie on the western side of the horst in the American Sector, and might be 

 expected to occur in the Australian Sector somewhere to the east of the horst 

 either faulted down in Ross Sea, or lying to the east of King Edward VII. Land. 

 In the North and South Islands of New Zealand, the Cretaceous and Jurassic rocks 

 of that Dominion, also more or less of the nature of a horst, lie on the east side, 

 and are folded. | It would be a matter of great interest to decide, if the fold is 



* Anthropornis Nordenshjoldi, Pachyteryx grandis, Eospheniscus Gunnari, Delphinornis Larsenii, and 

 Ichthyopteryx gracilis. 



t Bull. Geol. Institut. Upsala, vol. vii., 1906, "On the Geology of Graham Land," p. 70. 



I Obviously the west side of the horst in the Western Hemisphere becomes the eastern side in 

 the Eastern Hemisphere. (See Plate C. of this chapter.) 



