394 NOTES ON THE CANIDZ OF THE WHITE RIVER OLIGOCENE. 
lus is relatively longer than in Canis or eyen than in Daphenus, resembling that of such 
viyerrine genera as Paradoxurus, but is not directed so strongly toward the tibial side of 
the foot as in Daphenus. The head with its convex navicular facet is shaped much as 
in Canis, except that it is more depressed in the dorgo-plantar dimension. In Daphe- 
nus there is a distinct facet for the cuboid, which meets the navicular facet nearly at 
right angles; in Cynodictis this cuboidal facet is very much smaller and sometimes it is 
altogether wanting, while in Canis the astragalus and cuboid are not in contact. As in 
Daphenus, the external caleaneal facet is more oblique in position and more simply con- 
rave than in Canis, but the sustentacular facet is different from that of both the genera 
mentioned ; it agrees with that of Daphaenus in being shorter and wider than in the 
modern forms, but while in the former this facet is separate from that for the nayicu- 
lar, in Cynodictis, as in Canis, it is confluent with it, but at a different point ; i. €., more 
toward the tibial side. The interarticular sulcus is somewhat deeper than in Daphenus, 
but shallower than in Canis. In the latter we find a third calcaneal facet which forms a 
narrow band upon the fibulo-plantar side of the head and is connected at one end with 
the sustentacular facet. This accessory caleaneal facet does not occur in either of the 
White River genera. 
The calcaneum, like the astragalus, is more viverrine than canine in general appear- 
ance and quite closely resembles that of Paradoxurus, but the resemblance to Daphenus 
is even more marked. The tuber is slender, compressed and proportionately much 
shorter than in Canis; in the latter the tuber makes up more than two-thirds of the 
total length of the caleaneum, while in Cynodictis it is about two-fifths of this length. 
The free end of the tuber is moderately thickened and club-shaped and is deeply grooved 
by the sulcus for the plantaris tendon. As in Daphenus, the dorsal and plantar borders 
of the tuber are nearly parallel and its dorso-plantar diameter is thus almost uniform 
throughout, not increasing toward the distal end as it does in Canis. Near the distal end 
of the caleaneum and on the fibular side is a very prominent process for the attachment 
of the lateral ligaments. This process is not present in the recent Canidae, but is very 
conspicuous in the primitive carnivores, such as Dinictis ahd Daphenus, and it recurs 
among modern plantigrade and semiplantigrade forms, such as Procyon, G'ulo, Para- 
doxurus, ete. Usually, however, it is smaller and less prominent in the fossil than in the 
recent genera. The facets for the astragalus are somewhat different from those of both 
Daphenus and Canis. In the latter the external astragalar facet is in two parts, one of 
which presents distally and the other dorsally, the two meeting at an angle which does 
not much exceed 90° ; in the former the whole facet forms one continuously curved con- 
vexity, not divided by an angulation. In Cynodictis the two parts are distinguishable as 
in Canis, but they meet at a much more open angle. The sustentaculum is of moderate 
