NOTES ON THE CANIDE OF THE WHITE RIVER OLIGOCENE. 411 
12. The thoracic vertebre probably numbered thirteen ; they resemble those of the 
modern dogs, except for their longer neural spines, and for the much more prominent 
anapophyses on the last three vertebre. i 
13. The lumbars, probably seven in number, are remarkably large and massive and 
all their processes are very long; the appearance of these vertebrae is feline rather than 
canine. 
14. The sacrum is composed of three vertebre and resembles that of the larger cats 
in its size and weight. 
15. The tail is very long and stout, resembling in its proportions and in the deyel- 
opment of the individual vertebree that of the leopard. 
16. The humerus is in most respects like that of the Machairodonts, Dinictis and 
Hoplophoneus, haying very prominent deltoid and supinator ridges, very low trochlea, 
large epicondyles and an entepicondylar foramen. 
17. The radius is very feline in character, as is seen in the discoidal head, the slen- 
der curyed shaft and expanded distal end. 
18. The ulna is much less reduced than in the modern dogs, and its shape, espe- 
cially that of the distal end, is much more feline than canine. 
19. The only carpal element preserved is the scapho-lunar which is very like that 
of the Machairodont Hoplophoneus. 
20. There are five metacarpals which are not at all like those of modern dogs, the 
pollex being far longer and all of the metacarpals having short, slender, rounded shafts, 
spheroidal distal trochlez, and a divergent instead of a parallel arrangement. The con- 
tact of me. ii with the magnum and of me. iv with the unciform is much less than in 
the true felines and about as in the Machairodonts. 
21. The pelvis is machairodont rather than canine, the ilium béing relatively short 
and narrow, the ischium long, with inconspicuous tuberosity, and the obturator foramen 
large ; the pubic symphysis is elongate. 
22. The femur is not very long in proportion to the size of the animal ; its troch- 
lea is very low and shallow ; a third trochanter appears to have been present. 
23. The patella is like that of Dinictis, being broad, thin and almond-shaped. 
24. The tibia is short and slender and bears considerable resemblance to that of 
Dinictis ; its distal end bears a very large internal malleolus and feebly grooved astra- 
galar trochlea. 
25. The fibula is much stouter than in Canis and has more thickened ends. 
26. The tarsus is, on the whole, of machairodont or viverrine character, but with 
not a few canine features. 
27. The metatarsus has five members, a well-deyeloped hallux being present ; the 
