412 NOTES ON THE CANIDZ OF THE WHITE RIVER OLIGOCENE. 
character of these is intermediate between those of the dogs and those of the Machairo- 
donts. 
28. The phalanges are long and depressed; the second one is excavated on the 
fibular side, showing that the claws were partially retractile, though much less completely 
so than in the cats; the unguals are straight, compressed and bluntly pointed, and with 
bony hoods much as in Canis. 
29. The known species of Daphenus are: D. vetus Leidy, D. hartshornianus Cope, 
D. felinus, sp. noy., ? D. Dodger sp. noy., all from the White River beds, and D. cuspi- 
gerus Cope, from the John Day. 
30. The cynoid from the Uinta beds, Jfacis wintensis, is regarded as the forerunner 
of Daphenus. 
31. The small American cynoids of the White River and John Day, and, perhaps, 
of the Uinta, should be referred to the European genus, Cynodictis. 
32. The dental formula of Cynodictis is: I 3,C 4, P 4, M2; the premolars are 
small, the sectorials microdont and quite viverrine in appearance, but more trenchant 
than those of Daphenus, and the tubercuiar molars are small. 
33. The skull has a very viverrine look; the face is short, the cranium long, though 
shorter and fuller than in Daphenus, and the postorbital constriction is near the orbit ; 
the sagittal crest is low and weak, and in the small C. lemur is replaced by a lyrate area. 
34, There are no frontal sinuses. 
30. The occiput is low and broad, the crest inconspicuous and the paroccipital pro- 
cesses are small and not in contact with the bulle. 
36. The auditory bulla is very large and the posterior chamber fully ossified. 
37. The cranial foramina are like those of Canis, save for the visible carotid canal. 
38. The mandible has a short, slender horizontal ramus and the ascending ramus is 
much narrower than in Daphenus. 
39. While the cerebral hemispheres are larger and better convoluted than those of 
Daphenus, they are smaller and have fewer, straighter sulci than in the modern Canide ; 
the olfactory lobes are large and the cerebellum complex. 
40. The atlas has short transverse processes and its foramina are feline in character. 
41. The axis is much like that of Viverra. 
2. The other cervicals are of canine type. 
43. The thoracic vertebre are small and have high, slender spines ; on the last two 
are prominent anapophyses. 
44, The lumbar region is long, heavy and arched upward ; it is composed of seven 
yertebree, which have very long transverse processes and low, slender spines. Anapo- 
physes are large anteriorly, but disappear on the sixth, 
