OF EASTERN TURKESTAN. 103 
over which numbers of Terns (S. fluviatilis) were flying, I saw 
a party of White Storks. Circus wruginosus was seen only 
once, hunting over a bit of marsh; but the Kite (J/. melanotis) 
is common about this village. Near all the little streams, the 
Wagtail (JL. personata) was "plentiful to-day. 
Qnd. —Karghalik.—Started at 4 o’clock this morning in ate 
to get across the Tiznaf river while it was fordable. The sky was 
quite overcast in the early morning, and a few drops of rain fell, 
after leaving Yak Shamba Bazar. Extensive marshy ground 
overgrown ‘with reeds and rushes and many loéss banks on 
each side of the road before reaching the river. The Tiznaf 
river was very low where we forded it, and consisted of two 
main branches in which the current was very rapid, even at 
that. early hour. The river is said to attain its greatest 
height in this season at 2 P.m., and declines during the night, 
until it reaches its lowest about daybreak. 
Shortly after crossing the river I encountered the Beg of 
Karghalik, who had come out to meet us, and excusing myself 
for not waiting to partake of a dastarkhwan at that early hour, 
I rode on towards Karghalik. On the road the Swallow and 
Galerita magna were very numerous, and about the cultivated 
fields I noticed a few Huspiza luteola. 
When within sight of Karghalik I turned off to the left of 
the road aftera party of Black Stork, at which I failed to get a 
shot. Then skirting a tract of swampy ground, I saw the 
White Stork, the Lapwing, Actitis ochrophus and Sterna jluvia- 
tilis, in fair numbers. After riding along for about three quarters 
of an hour we came to a curious place, called Tungtash. This 
consists of a long and irregularly shaped depression, sinking 
suddenly below the level of the adjoining country. The 
sides of this hollow are steep vertical cliffs of loéss, in several 
places from thirty to forty feet high. In the bottom of the 
hollow there is, at first, a meandering stream, on each 
side of which are dense growths of reeds where the Reedling 
( Calamophilus biarmicus) was very numerous, and the Blue- 
breast (Cyanecula suecica) somewhat less so. Great numbers 
of Kites (M. melanotis) and Marsh Harriers were flying about ; 
and perched on a cliff I saw a fine Giyah or Sea Kagle 
(Halicetus leucoryphus). I descended into this narrow valley and 
Pai my way along it, past several hamlets whose trees gave 
shelter to the Tree Sparrow, Starling, Oriole and Turtledove, 
reached a part where there was deep standing water, in which 
were swimming about, hundreds of Coots, Bri ahimny Ducks and 
White-eved Ducks (Aythya nyroca.) Grey Herons (Ardea 
cinerea) rose every now and then from the long reeds, as we went 
along, and we started a huge Hagle Owl ( Bubo maximus). The 
