OF EASTERN TURKESTAN, Lat 
82.—Hirundo rustica, Lin. 
Two males shot at Yarkand in April.—Uength, 8-1 to 8-9; 
expanse, 12°85 to 12°9; wing, 4°7 to 4:9; tail, 4°8 to 5-23; 
tarsus, 0°43 to 0:45 ; bill, from gape, 0°5 to 0: 6: ; closed wines 
fall short of tail, 1-9 to 2: 65; weight, 06 oz. Bill and claws, 
ces ; legs and feet, brownish black and dusky brown. 
Juv. Ye arkand, 3rd July.—Length, 5:9 ; expanse, 12; wing, 
435; tail, 2°65; tarsus, 0°43; bil, from gape, 0°65; closed 
wings fall diac of tail, 0-45 ; weight, 0°6 oz. Bill greyish 
black, yellowish at base and gape ; irides, dark brown ; legs, 
feet and claws, black. 
Two females shot at Yarkand in April—Length, 7:35 to 
76; expanse, 12°5 to 13:2; wing, 4°82 to 4:9; tail, 37 to 
4:0; tarsus, 0°4 to 0°45; bill, from gape, 0°6 to 0°62 ; closed 
wings fall short of tail, 1-0 to 1:15; weight, 0°65 oz. Bill 
and “claws, black ; legs and feet, dusky and brownish black. 
The Common Swallow is found ‘in great numbers in the 
plains of Eastern Turkestan, from Sanju to Kashghar, for 
six months in the year. The birds arrive about the middle 
of April and migrate towards the end of October, not a single 
bird of this species being ever seen in winter. They breed 
during May and June; many young birds, just able to fly, 
being found in the early part of July. The Yarkandis call 
the bird Ui Karloghach—House Swallow—and say that it 
always makes a mud nest on the roof of houses, the number 
of eggs laid being from three to five; and that two broods 
are raised in the season. Unlike the Swift this Species was 
frequently seea perching on trees, and settling on the ground 
and on sand banks. 
91.—Ptionoprogne rupestris, Scop. 
g. Kizil Aghil, 14th August.—Length, 5°75 ; expanse, 13:4; 
wine, 5°3; tail, 2°7; tarsus, 0°45; bill, from gape, 0°6; closed 
wings exceed tail, 0°95; weight, 0-7 oz. Bill, black; irides, 
dari brown; legs and feet, fleshy ; claws, black. 
@. Toghrasu, 22nd August—Length, 5°2; expanse, 12:9; 
wing, 4°9 ; tail, 2°4; tarsus, 0°5; bill, from gape, 0°6; closed 
wines exceed tail, 0°85; weight, 0-6 oz. Bill, black; irides, 
brownish black ; legs and feet, fleshy ; claws, dusky. 
This Crag Martin was first observed in Eastern Turkestan, in 
August, between Sanju and Kizil Aghil. After that it was seen 
every day along the Arpalak stream and the Karakash river. 
It flew about hunting over the water and perched on the high 
rocks near the streams. At Kizil Aghil I was informed by the 
inhabitants that this bird left them when the leaves fell off the 
trees and reappeared again in spring when the trees began to 
