OF EASTERN TURKESTAN. 137 
black, edge whitish at gape ; lower mandible black at tip, whit- 
ish horny at base; legs, feet, and claws, black. 
£. Kashghar, 24th November.—Leneth, 10; wing, 4°8; tail, 
4-9; tarsus, 1°08; bill, from gape, 1:06. Bill: upper mandible 
brownish black ; lower mandible black at tip—whitish horny 
at base; legs, feet, and claws, black. 
2. Kizil, 4th January.—Length, 101 ; wing, 4°65 ; tail, 4°7 ; 
tarsus, 1+1; bill, from gape, 1-04. Upper mandible brownish black ; 
lower black at tip, greyish livid horny at base; legs, feet, and 
claws, black. This specimen has numerous faint cross bars on the 
chest, and the rump is more grey than in the other two specimens. 
This Shrike was tolerably common near Kashghar and 
Yarkand in winter ; it was never seen in spring or summer, as 
it had then migrated northwards. It chiefly affects bare places 
with a few small trees scattered about, but is occasionally seen 
near villages. Near Kizil in January I saw some of these 
Shrikes perched on small leafless trees, sitting very motionless 
and apparently not alarmed when one approached them even 
pretty closely. This Shrike is occasionally trained to capture 
small birds—such as Sparrows, &c. I had one trained while 
living at Kashghar, and the bird seemed to learn very readily ; 
it would fly from a distance of a few yards towards 
one, when a piece of raw meat was held towards it, then perch- 
ing on the hand it would begin to tear the meat very 
much after the manner of a Merlin. This species was often 
seen tamed and carried about on the hand by the people, a string 
being attached round the neck to prevent it flying away. It 
is the winter shrike of Nashgharia and Lanius arenarius is the 
summer one. The Turki name for the species is Ala ghurulai 
—the variegated Shrike. 
262.—Lanius arenarius, Blyth. 
Sia males, shot near Yarkand from April to June, measured 
and weighed.—Length, 7:5 to 7°75 ; expanse, 10°5 to 11:5; 
wing, 8:5 to 3°75; tail, 3:0 to 3°65; tarsus, 0°85 to 1:0; bill, 
from gape, 0°8 to 0-9; closed wings fall short of tail, 1°8 to 
2-1; weight, 0°9 to 1:2 oz. Bill, black or bluish black; irides, 
dark brown; legs and feet, dusky black, dusky and greyish 
or greenish dusky ; claws, black. 
Two females, :shot in April and August.—Leneth, 6°8 to 7:2; 
expanse, 10°5 to 10°10; wing, 3°3; tail,3 to 3°35; tarsus, 0-9 
to 1:0; bill, from gape, 0:8 to 0°83; weight, 1 oz. Bill, black, 
whitish at base ; legs and feet, dusky or grey dusky ; irides, 
brown ; claws, black. 
Three young birds obtained at Yarkand in May and June.— 
Length, 5:0 to 67; expanse, 9°3 to 11:0; wing, 2°95 to 3:2; 
tail, 1-9 to 2°7; tarsus, 0°9 to 0°93; bill, from gape, 0°8 to 
Ss 
