OF EASTERN TURKESTAN. 171 
tarsus, 0°63; bill, from gape, 0:43; closed wings fall short of 
tail, 1:5; weight, 0°5 oz. 
Bill, brownish at tip, grey on culmen, yellowish at base ; irides, 
brown ; legs and feet, dusky brown ; claws, dusky yellow at tips. 
Nestling. Portash, 30th August.—Tarsus, 0°65; bill, from 
gape, 0°4; weight, 0-25 oz. Bill, greenish yellow, grey horny 
on culmen; irides, brownish black; legs and feet, brownish 
fleshy ; claws, dusky whitish at tips. 
This species was fairly numerous in the hills on the south 
side of Kastern Turkestan, at elevations of from 8,000 to 18,000 
feet. It was first observed near the Chuchu Pass, and was 
quite common near Gulgun Shah in the Karakash valley, where 
a young nestling was obtained, thus proving that the bird breeds 
in that locality—probably in July and August. The birds flew 
about in pairs orin small flocks, perpetually twittering, gener- 
ally perching on the small bushes ; but sometimes running among 
the stones and on efflorescent ground, in a very similar manner to 
Calandrella brachydactyla. Only one of the specimens { ob- 
tained (a male shot near the Chuchu Pass on the 16th August) 
has the pink color on the rump; and the bird I shot between 
Balakchi and Gulgun Shah, if it be correctly referred to this 
species, seems to be abnormally large: length (in the flesh) 
5°65; tail, 2-8. 
752. bis.—Montifringilla hematopygia, Gould. 
$. (Three birds shot in August at elevations of from 12,000 to 
14,000 feet.)—Length, 6-75 to 71; expanse, 13°45 to 13°8 ; 
wing, 4°6 to 4°75 ; tail, 3:1 to 345 tarsus 0°78 to 0°9; bill, 
from gape, 0°53 to 0°55; closed wings fall short of tail, 0°65 
to 0°85; weight, 1 to 1-1 oz. Bill, brownish dusky—yellow 
at base below; irides, brown ; legs, feet, and claws, black. 
2. Tarbughoz, 14,060 feet, 20th August.—Length, 6:5; ex- 
panse, 12°6; wing, 4°53; tail, 3; tarsus, 0°8; bill, from gape, 
0°5; weight, loz.; closed wings fall short of tail, 0°85. Bill, 
dusky, yellowish at base below ; irides, brown; legs and feet, 
brownish dusky ; claws, black. 
A young bird shot at Balti Brangsa (16,800 feet) north of the 
Karakoram Pass on the 3rd September had the lower mandible 
of the bill entirely yellow, the upper grey horny. 
This species was observed in great numbers at Kichik Yai- 
lak (12,060 feet) picking the grain out of the horse dung lying 
about our camp. It was seen daily in August and September 
the whole way from the Sanju Pass into Ladak, and appeared 
to be quite at home at elevations of nearly 19,000 feet. The 
Kirghiz say that it remains near their encampments the whole 
year, and give it the name of Purdash, ‘rotten head.’ 
