Miscellaneous. 251 



striated. Forehead and vertex shagreened. Thorax moderately 

 shining. Mesonotnm nearly naked, only beset with a few short 

 grey hairs, finely bnt distinctly wrinkled, the wrinkles forming very 

 regular quadrangular cells. Scutellum with no median longitudinal 

 furrow, at the base with two large pits, in its anterior half with 

 the same sculpture as the mesonotnm. AVings hyaline, fringed, 

 with ^ radial area open on the outer margin, and with a distinct 

 areola. Legs reddish yellow ; apical joint of the tarsi and base of 

 the trochanters black. Abdomen very shining, quite black." 

 Length of the female 2- 1-2 '2 millim. 



Verhandl. zool.-bot. Gesellschaft in Wien, 1887, p. 205. 



Anatomy and Histology of the Salivary Glands in the Ce_phalopoda. 

 By M. L. JoTjBiN. 



The existence in the Octopod Cephalopods of two pairs of salivary 

 glands has been long known — one situated in the abdominal cavity, 

 the other close to the buccal bulb, the latter being deficient in the 

 Decapods. The author has, however, ascertained the presence of the 

 second pair in the latter, but it is fused into a single, median, un- 

 paired gland, situated beneath the oesophagus, and intimately mixed 

 with muscular bundles. This gland, by its structure and the posi- 

 tion of its excretory gland, is the homologue of the bulbar glands of 

 the Octopods. 



In the Poulpe {Octopus vulgaris) M. Livon has recognized the 

 existence of a gland lining one of the surfaces of the tongue, but he 

 could not find ■its excretory duc-t. The author has found this gland 

 in all the Cephalopoda examined by him ; it consists of a sort of 

 sheet of acini, all opening into the space which separates the tongue 

 from the mandible and forms part of the buccal cavity. This ex- 

 plains why M. Livon could not find any excretory duct. 



Among the Octopods {Octopus, Eledone, Argonauta) the extra- 

 bulbar salivary glands are situated in large lacunae, into which the 

 blood flows through very slender arteries, starting very symmetrically 

 from the first division of the aorta by a single trunk on each side. 

 This divides almost immediately into two branches, of which the 

 superior traverses the head and runs to the pair of bulbar glands, 

 while the inferior one descends vertically to the abdominal pair. 

 The blood which they convey becomes diffused between the glandu- 

 lar elements, reaches the periphery, and falls into the great sinus 

 by a multitude of pores, which are the intervals of the superficial 

 acini or of the glandular tubes in the case of the abdominal gland. 



In the Decapods {Sepia, Loligo, Sepiola, Rossia) they are not 

 bathed in the blood-sinus, but the blood which has traversed them 

 is collected by a venous network which unites with the great vein. 

 The arteries are larger than in the Octopods, but their arrangement 

 is less constant. 



Sections of the glands taken from the living animal and very 

 carefully prepared with osmic acid showed that in all Cephalopoda 



