Knowledge of the Spongida. 249 
p- 31, Separat-Abdruck) ; but if so, why should Schmidt call 
it “ Chondrosia,” likening its “ firmness” especially to 
Chondrilla? It it be Halisarca lobularis, then the “ semi- 
cartilagineuse ’’ consistence of the specimen found by Dr. Ch. 
Barrois at Saint-Vaast, near Cherbourg, can be understood 
(loc. cit.). 
Family 2. Gumminida. 
Char. Possessing spicules. 
Chondrilla nucula, Sdt. In 1862 Schmidt established this 
genus (No. 4, p. 38, Taf. 11. figs. 22, 22a), together with C. 
embolopora, both possessing spicules and both found in the 
Adriatic Sea. - The former appears to be a “ world-wide”’ 
species ; for during the last five years I have had specimens of it 
from the Red Sea, the Gulf of Manaar, the Mauritius, Molucca 
Islands, and the West Indies. Schulze has added Chondrilla 
mixta, from the Red Sea, and C. distincta, from Ponapé 
(No. 27, p. 32, Sep.-Abd.). ! 
In 1870 Schmidt described an incrusting species, about 
“1-2 millim.” thick, charged with a pin-like skeleton- 
spicule and a spinispirular flesh-spicule from the Antilles, to 
which he gave the name of Chondrilla phyllodes (No. 18, 
p- 26, Taf. vi. fig. 1) ; and in 18738, I added Chondrilla austra- 
liensis from Port Jackson (No. 17, p. 23, pl. 1. figs. 10-16). 
If the species Lacinia stellifica from Bass’s Straits (No. 8, 
p. 568, Taf. xxxv. fig. 8), described and illustrated by Selenka 
in 1867, possesses, as stated, a spicule ‘‘ ganz iihnlich,” ex- 
actly like his fig. 13, then it seems to me that he has made 
a mistake in calling it calcareous (Kalksternchen); or the 
organism 18 a Leptoclinum, M.-Kdw.,=Tribus 11. Didem- 
nie, Giard, ‘ ‘Tunique commune remplie de spicules calcaires ”’ 
(No. 16, p. 644, pl. xxii.). Were the spicule siliceous, then 
the species would be like Schmidt’s Chondrilla nucula; but if 
calcareous, then, as I only know of the existence of similar 
stellates in the compound Ascidians and never in the Calci- 
spongie, I think that Selenka’s discovery also requires con- 
firmation. If substantiated it would indeed far exceed M. 
Giard’s Halisarca mimosa in point of mimicry ! 
Cortictum candelabrum. Of this sponge Schmidt, who 
found it in the Adriatic Sea in 1862, made a new genus, 
observing in his characters, “ Spongia incertes hucusque 
familie,” describing’ and figuring its spicules (No. 4, p. 42, 
Taf. ili. fig. 25, a-g). There is no doubt, however, of its 
