390 Miscellaneous. 
robust and rather short. The distal keels of the former are poste- 
rior and rudimental; their proximal extremities have a small 
lateral tarsal facet as well as the principal one. The median digits 
are of unequal length, and the lateral ones are much shorter, but 
robust. Whether there are four or five digits I cannot definitely 
ascertain. 
The above characteristics are very significant. They at once 
refute any supposition of affinity to the Artiodactyla, whether suil- 
line or ruminant. The form of the astragalus and wide fibular 
condyle of the calcaneum opposes the reference of the genus to the 
Perissodactyla. On the other hand, all the characters of the feet 
thus far adduced are found in the Proboscidea. They are not only 
those of that order, but they are carried to a degree of exaggeration, 
as though Yowodon represented a high grade of specialization of 
that order. The posterior feet were more truly plantigrade, for the 
extremity of the caleaneum reached the ground, while the instep 
was elevated above it, being supported, no doubt, by a more or less 
elastic pad. This arched or angulate plantigrade type of foot has 
a remote parallel in that of man. It is quite unique among ungu- 
late Mammalia. 
What difficulties the other parts of the skeleton may present I 
do not yet know, but I perceive nothing in the dentition which 
forbids the reference of Toaodon to the Proboscidea. The dentition 
is scarcely more different from that of Mastodon or Dinotherium than 
that of Bos is from Dicotyles or Hippopotamus. The former genera 
may be the extremities of a series whose intermediate members are 
as yet undiscovered. In the latter case the intermediate forms are 
mostly known.—Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., April 15, 1881, p. 402. 
Contributions to the Study of the Flagellata. By M. J. Kunsruze. 
Cryptomonas ovata, Khrbg., presents at its superior terminal part 
a narrow cavity extending from the dorsal to the ventral surface, 
and forming a sort of vestibule of the digestive tube. At the boun- 
dary of the left surface and the anterior surface of the body there is 
an emargination of the margin of this vestibular cavity, which 
descends to about one fifth of its length, and thus passes the bottom 
of the cavity, which is not deep. The two flagella are inserted in 
the centre of this cavity, at the bottom of a tube which projects 
from its interior; they present a distinct transverse striation, and 
absolutely resemble a muscular fibrilla. I have observed an analo- 
gous striation in several other forms, such as Huglena oxyuris, 
Trachelomonas hispida, Phacus pleuronectes, Chlamydomonas pul- 
visculus, Chilomonas paramecium, Astasia costata, and Entosiphon 
costatum. In Chlamydomonas pulvisculus only two flagella are de- 
scribed; but in reality there are four. In Tvrachelomonas hispida 
the enormous flagellum, which is so striking, is the only one known, 
while at its base there are two other analogous organs which have 
not been described ; they are much shorter and more delicate. The 
