Miscellaneous. 391 
two terminal flagella of Cryptomonas ovata serve exclusively for 
locomotion. 
Besides these terminal locomotory organs, there are further in 
these creatures a whole group of flagella the existence of which has 
hitherto been entirely unknown. Along each of the two margins 
of the superior emargination there exists a series of these appen- 
dages almost as long as the others, but of excessive fineness and 
transparency ; they are also striated. These organs serve exclu- 
sively for the prehension of food. 
The walls of the body are composed of four layers, the outer one 
of which alone (the cuticle) is colourless, while the others are im- 
pregnated with chlorophyll. 
In the deepest of them there are polygonal grains of starch, which, 
when well developed, nearly touch each other by their edges, and 
give to the creature a reticulate aspect. Its inner surface presents 
a regularly mamillated appearance, and the gibbosities observed 
upon it appear to be an indication of an actual division of the sub- 
stance of this layer into small protoplasmic spheres ; each of them 
produces a grain of starch in its interior. Sometimes certain ma- 
mille become elongated and then constricted in the middle, finally 
forming new mamille. The peripheral material of these proto- 
plasmic spherules is much more dense and resistant than that of 
the centre, which appears to be absolutely aqueous, for the fine 
granules which occur there are frequently animated by a Brownian 
movement, and thus each of them presents in its interior a large 
vacuole. This deep-seated layer of the integument is not much 
coloured, and its thickness varies considerably, according to the part 
of the body that is examined; it is even completely deficient at 
certain points. The grains of starch which are produced in it have 
the form of thin polygonal lamelle; they also divide at the same 
time as the mamilla that has produced them. 
The other two tegumentary layers, which are much thinner, are 
perforated by a multitude of extremely small vacuoles, filled with 
an aqueous protoplasm, regularly arranged, and separated from each 
other simply by thin portions of a denser substance. The cuticle 
which forms the outermost envelope of the body presents an analo- 
gous structure ; but the small vacuoles are much flattened parallel 
to the surface of the body. 
The cesophageal tube which has been described in Cryptomonas 
has no existence; but, on the other hand, we find in these creatures 
a spacious stomach, well defined, in which the food is digested. The 
walls of this organ are thick, and present a remarkable appearance ; 
throughout they show numerous close-set granules arranged in asingle 
layer and forming regular rectilinear series ; these are starch-grains. 
In certain cases, when these granules are absent, we can easily see 
that the protoplasm forming the stomachal walls presents a regu- 
larly vacuolar structure, and does not owe its remarkable aspect 
only to the presence of these grains. At the bottom of the stomach 
is the origin of a tube, which is the intestine, and which terminates 
at the anus, which is situated at the lower extremity of the body 
