402 Mr. H. B. Brady on some Arctic Foraminifera. 
5. Miliolina seminulum, Linné, sp. 
Serpula seminulum, Linné, 1767, Syst. Nat. 12th ed. p. 1264. no. 791. 
Very rare in the more northern soundings, but abundant in 
the shallow water of the Matyushin Shar. 
6. Miliolina subrotunda, Montagu, sp. 
Vermiculum subrotundum, Montagu, 1803, Test. Brit. pt. 2, p. 521. 
In the Matyushin Shar, very rare. 
7. Miliolina agglutinans, D’Orbigny, sp. 
Quingueloculina agglutinans, D'Orbigny, 1839, Foram. Cuba, p. 168, 
pl. xii. figs. 11-18. 
In shallow water, Matyushin Shar, rare. 
SaccaMMina, M. Sars. 
8. Saccammina spherica, M. Sars. 
Saccammina spherica, M. Sars, 1868, Vidensk.-Selsk. Forhandl. 1868, 
p. 248. 
Very common in the soundings off Franz-Josef Land. 
Saccammina spherica, in its typical condition, has a rough 
arenaceous test, subspherical or somewhat pyriform in contour, 
with a single orifice situate in a nipple-shaped protuberance ; 
but in localities where the species is abundant the specimens 
often assume anomalous forms. Sometimes a number of these 
spherical chambers are adherent to each other, in which case 
they either have separate orifices and remain, in fact, indepen- 
dent organisms, or, as is more common, they open into each 
other and constitute a sort of polythalamous test. Occasion- 
ally a larger fragment of rock is built into the wall, and the 
test has the characters of an adherent species. Specimens 
in all these conditions exist where the individuals are crowded 
together at the sea-bottom, as, to judge by the samples, they 
must be in the area represented by the northernmost series of 
dredgings. Such variations from the typical form are purely 
the result of accident, and have no zoological significance. 
The distinction between Saccammina and Psammosphera, 
which depends upon the presence in the former genus of a 
general aperture, whilst Psammosphera has none, but pro- 
trudes its pseudopodia through interstitial openings between 
the sand-grains which form the test, is far from satisfactory ; 
for many specimens of undoubted Saccammina are found in 
dredged sands, like some of those from Franz-Josef Land, 
without any conspicuous general aperture. In polythalamous 
