104 THE fcjOUTHEKN COMPLEX. 



character. It is chiefly a lithological treatment, aud even as such is but an 

 outHne, the only reason for entering- into the subject at all being to give a 

 basis for compai-ison with the rocks of the Penokee series. Beginning at 

 the west, each (if tlie areas is taken up in order and the rocks contained 

 briefly desci'ibed. 



GeofirapUcal distribution (PI. II).— In Sec. 20, T. 43 N., R. 7 W., 

 Wisconsin, as di.scovered by Mr. Cliarles E. Wright, late state geologist of 

 Michigan, the rocks of the Copper-bearing series and a gneissoid granite 

 belonging to the complex system under consideration, nre foun<l iipon 

 opposite banks of the Numakagon river. To tlie west of tliis point no 

 rocks, aside from these, are known for a considerable distance; so tliat it 

 may be considered that liere is tlie westernmost point at which exposures 

 lielonging to the Penokee series jiroper will be found. The next exposures 

 in the Sox;thern Com|)lex east of tliis locality are in Sees. 21 and 22, 'V. 44 

 N., R. f) W., Wisconsin, this rock lieing a gneis.soid g-ranite. From here 

 eastward to Bad river, in Sees. 14 and 23, T. 44 N., R. 3 W., Wisconsin, 

 occasional outcrops of gneissoid griinites are found, 'i'lie Western granite 

 then is one which extends east and west for more than 25 miles, and north 

 of which is found the Penokee series. It may be that within tliis area 

 rocks other than tlie gneissoid granites occin-; for the known exposures are 

 comparatively few, and if within it softer schistose rocks were contained, it 

 is probable that they would not be exposed. 



At Bad river, very close to the Penokee series, is a schistose rock. 

 The fine-grained crystalline schists which here first iippciir continue without 

 a l)reak, so far as known, to the West Branch of the ]\Iontreal river, in the 

 northwest part of Sec. 35, T. 46 N., R. 2 E., Wisconsin, nnothcr stretch of 

 more than 25 miles. As in the gneis.soid gr;iiiito iirea to the westward, the 

 exposures are ^'er^' few, but in at least two j)laces, at the Potato river and 

 the West Branch of the Montreal, the basement layer of the Penokee series 

 is seen in contact with the schists to the south. How far the green schists 

 of this area extend south of the Iron-bearing series is not known, but the 

 traverses have in places e-.tended as far as two miles. At Penokee gap and 

 eastward for some distance^, a little way south ot the Iron-bearing series, the 

 yranites and schists are fountl in the immediate \ icinit\ of each other, the line 



