52 



SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 'J2. 



ing" of the construction of a typical kiva is especially important, as it 

 distinguishes clitT houses of the Mesa Verde from those found else- 

 where in the Southwest as well as in foreign lands. 



Fig. 51. — Square Tower House excavated and repaired as seen huni 

 the southwest. Photograph by Fred Jeep. 



Fig. 52.^ — View of the J'ower completely repaired. Photograph 

 by Fred Jeep. 



The kivas of Square Tower House are circular, subterranean in 

 position, and entered by a hatchway. Each kiva has a fire hole F , 

 and near it an opening in the floor called the sipapu, L, which is very 



