14 



Historical Development of our Knowledge on the Cviirian Flora. 



*Amygdalns communis L. The Cyprian almonds were 

 praised by Diphilos from Siphnos already ca. 300 B. C. (0. 296). 



Anemone [an bortensis L.V]. ^Vild anemones are men- 

 tioned hy Mariti in 17(59. (0. 295). 



Arbtituii Andrachne L. Jlentioncd tirst time by the 

 EiLssian pilgrim Zosimos, who visited the island in 1421. ((_t. 70 

 and 26.S). 



Ariindo Donax L. .Meutinneil alreaily by Dioscorides 

 and Plinius. (M. 96; E. 61; 0. 269). 



Aspbodelu,'! ramosiis L. Jlentioned liy Sestini in 1787. 

 (See C. I, 289). 



Atriplex Haliiutts L. .Mentioneil by Sestini in 1787. 

 (See C. I, 290). 



*ATena satira L. Jtentioned as cnltivated in the later 

 part of the 15th century. (0. 267 and 282). 



"Beta vulgaris L. and its var. cicla are both men- 

 tioned from the market of Famagusta by Elias from Pesaro 

 in a letter fi'om 1.563. (0. 30 and 292). 



"Brassica oleracea L. Mentioned already by Colu- 

 mella (E. 60). — The eauli flower, wliich is supposed by 

 several authors to have its origin on Cyprus, from were it is 

 said to have been introduced to Europe about the year 1600, 

 is recorded by Lusignan in 1573 (C). 292) and perhaps also by 

 Elias from Pesaro in 1563. ((). .30, note 2). 



'Cannabis satira L. was cnltivated on a large scale 

 already about the year 1540 ((). 289) and probably a long time 

 before. 



Capparia spinosa L. Already recorded from Cyprus 

 by Galbnos (E. 60). Also observed by L. Rauwolp, who made 

 a short stay on the island in Septbr. 1573 (Beschr. der Eaisz 

 in die Morgeiilander, p. 20). 



Cedrus libanotica Link subsp. brevifolia (Hook. til.). 

 Already mentioned as an important forest-tree by Theoprast 

 and Plinius. Q\. 96; E. 63; f). 44, 246 and 256). 



Ceratonia Siliqna L. The carob-tree is recorded from 

 Cyprus already in the legend of the apostle Barnabas (0. 296). 

 Its cultivation on a large scale is mentioned in several sources 

 fi'om the 15th century, the oldest of them dating from 1411. 

 (See 0. 306). 



Cistiis yillosus L. Both Dioscorides and Plinius give 

 many particulars with regard to the occurrence in C.vjirns of 

 this plant and the collecting of its famous product, the XaSa- 

 ■o'. (See Jl. 96; E. 61; UK. 393—410; 0. 266). The lada- 

 nuni is also mentioned by Armenian and Arabian authors of 

 mediaeval age (Moses from Chorene, Cutb-ed-din, see Ober- 

 HUMMER, p. 32 and 65), and from the time of Lebrun (1681) 

 is often recorded by various travellers. 



C. salviifolius \ 



7. (See C. I, 289). 



Mentioned tirst time liv Sestini in 



*Ciirullus Colocyntbis (L.) Schrad. Mentioned as an 

 article of trade and export by Pococke (1745), Mariti and 

 other travellers. (0. 294). 



'Citrus Aurantium L. was already seen in the convent- 

 gardens at Famagusta and Nikosia in the year 1394 by Nicolaus 

 DE Martoni, an Italian pilgrim (V. II, unpaged). The orange- 

 tree is also, as well as *C. Limoniuui Eisso and *C. medica 

 L., mentioned by Capodihsta in the year 1458 ((). 299). Lu- 

 signan, ca. 120 years later on speaks of several varieties of 

 all three species. (0. 300). 



* Colocasia Antiquorum Schott is mentioned first time 

 by Lusignan in 1573 and may be seen represented on capitals 

 from the 13th and 14th century. (0. 293). 



'Cordia myxa L. Already mentioned by Sestini in 

 1787. (See C. I, 289). 



Crataegus Azarolus L. Mentioned as "(jocpiXia'' by 

 A. Drummond in 1754. (C. I, 213). 



'Crocus satirns L. Mentioned as cultivated by .1. P. 

 Beinhard (VoUst. (iesch. d. Kiinigr. Cypern, II, 110, Leipzig 

 1768). 



'Cucumis satirus L.. *C. Melo L. and * Cucurbita 



Pepo L. are mentioned as cnltivated in great extent by 

 Beinhard, 1. c. II, 110, in 1768. 



Cupressus sempervirens L. is mentioned apparently 

 lirst time by Wilbrand fi-om Oldenburg, A\bo travelled in the 

 island in the year 1212. (0. 257). 



' Cydonia vulgaris Pers. Mentioned first time by Lu- 

 signan 1573. (0. 296). 



'Dancuii Carota L. First mentioned by Elias from 

 Pesaro in 1563. (0. 30 and 292). 



Ecballinm elaterium (L.) Eich. Jlentioneil by Sestini 

 in 1787. (See C. T, 290). 



*Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Jlentioned as ^u^ucpia 

 by A. Drummond in 1754. (C. I, 213). Cobham (1. c. p. 223) 

 erroneously identifies the tree mth Zizyphus Spina Christi L. 

 According to Gennadius (Hints, p. 34) the correct C'ypriot name 

 of Elaeagmis is si;u'.()ia, and the same name I have noted at 

 Vavatsinia. 



Ficus carica L. is recorded as an important tree on 

 the island already by several ancient authors, e. g. Diosco- 

 rides and JosEPHDS. (E. I, 60; 0. 297). 



*F. Sycomorus I,. With good reason has Oberhummer 



supposed, that the "Cyprian fig" described by Theophrast 

 and Plinius rather appertains to this than to the foregoing 

 species. (0. 297). 



'Gossypium berbaceum L. The cultivation of cotton 

 on the island is already spoken of in public acts of the Senate 

 of Venice in 1358. The first traveller mentioning it is Gumpen- 

 BERG, who visited the island in 1449. (0. 286). 



