328 



Brief Survey of the Affinities and History of the Cyprian Flora. 



countries are totally absent in that of Cyprus. Kotscht has piven a list of the most important trees, 

 shrubs, and herbs, which, judging from their distribution in the neighbouring countries, might be expected 

 to occur also on Cyprus, but which seem to be absent here.') Later on it has appeared that not few of 

 these species really occur on the island,-) and through continued investigations still new finds will probably 

 be done, but nevertheless there remains a fair number of important plants which apparently are wanting 

 in the tlora of the island. As instances of such species may be mentioned: Taxus haccata, Juniperus 

 drupacea, the genus Abies, Fagus silvatica, Quercus Cerris, Q. Aegilops, Ostrya carpinifoVta, Populas alba, 

 Sorbus torminaUs, Ilex Aqidfolium, Crataegus orientaUs, Erica arhorea, Corniis mas, Plumbago europaea, 

 Colutea arborescens, Olycijrrhiza glabra, Cijnanchum aeuium, the genus Acanthus, Ambrosia maritima, 

 Jasminum fruticans, Fraxinus Ornus, Solanum Dulcamara, the genus Hieracium (especially H. Bauhiw), 

 a. 0. The genus Acanthus, included in this list, must be supposed, however, anciently to have been repre- 

 sented on the island (compare pp. 169 and 202). 



The individuality of the vegetation, however, not only depends upon the lack of such species 

 which are common in the surrounding countries, but as much, or perhaps still more, upon the occurrence 

 of numerous endemical plants. Several authors have pointed out that Cyprus in this respect is 

 inferior to some other isles of the ^Mediterranean, particularly to Sicily and Crete, ^) but nevertheless the 

 amount of endemical plants on the island is considerable In the list below are included 69 species of 

 endemical flowering plants, and moreover 14 subspecies (several of which many would reckon as good 

 species) and 6 varieties. It is perhaps probable that some of these, species will later on be found in other 

 countries, and thus subsequently must be stroken from the list, in the same way as I have been obliged 

 to exclude several species regarded as endemical by Kotschy and Thojipsox.-') But it is just as probable 

 that continued investigations on the island itself will lead to the discovery of still unknown endemical plants; 

 there is no reason to believe that the number of these should now be exhausted. — The following plants 

 have not hitherto, so far as I have been able to learn, been indicated with certainty beyond the borders 

 of the island: 



Ceclrus libanotica Link subsp. bred folia (Hook.) 



Holmboe 

 Cyperus cyprius Post 



Carex distans L. subsp. binerviformis Holmboe 

 Colehicum Troodi Kotschy 

 Allium- Willeanum Holmboe 

 A. jtmceum Sibth. et Smith 

 Oagea Juliae Paseher 

 Ornithogalum chionophilum Holmboe 

 0. pedicellare Kotschy 

 Hyacinthus Pieridis Holmboe 

 Gladiolus triphyllus Sibth. et Smith 

 Iris cypriana Baker 



Crocus Hartmannianus Holmboe 



C. cyprius Boiss, et Kotschy 



Pqmulea Tempskyana Freyn 



Quercus lusitanica Lam. subsp. Veneris Kerner 



Q. alnifolia Poech 



Rumex vesiearius L. subsp. cyprius Murbeek 



Bosea eypria Boiss- 



Arenaria eypria Holmboe 



Silene laevigata Sibth. et Smith 



S. galataea Boiss. 



Saponaria dejyressa Bivona subsp. eypria Boiss. 



Diunthus vmUipunctatus Ser. var. Troodi Post 



Ranunculus leptnleus DC 



J 



') Unger ii. Kotschy. Cypern pp. 138 — 139. 



^) Pinus Pinea, Fhilh/rea media, Celtis australis, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Putoria calahrica, Pteris longifoUa, Anemone 

 coronaria, the genera Hyacinthus aud Delphinium, Cuscuta monngynn, Amlrachne telephioides. 



^) When Grisebach writes (Vegetation d. Erde. 5. Auflage. I, p. 351, Leipzig 1884) that "nur etwa 10 enderaische 

 .■\rten auf C3T)ern eutschicden sichergestellt siud," he makes a mistake. A far greater uumher of distinct endemical species 

 had already at that time been fnlly dealt with in literature. 



■*) Kotschy has in 186-5 esteemed the number of endemical species at 42 (Unger u. Kotschy, Cypern, p. 131), 

 H. S. Thompson in 1907 at 5.5, besides 4 varieties (Hutchinson aud Cobham, A Handbook of Cyprus. Fifth issue, p. 27. 

 London 1907). 



