24 



Lycopodiaceae 



alpine regions; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.), 



Kyushu (Yakushima); rather rare. Kuriles, Kamchatka to 



Europe and N. America. 



Var. chinense (Clirist) Ohwi. L. chinense Christ; L. selago 

 forma chinense (Christ) E. Pritz.; L. miyoshianum Makino; 



L. selago var. miyoshianum (Makino) Makino Hime- 



SUGI-RAN. Stems 8-15 cm. long, rather slender; leaves 

 broadly linear, 3-7 mm. long, 0.5-0.8 mm. wide, spreading to 

 obliquely ascending, the lower ones sometimes slightly de- 

 flexed, slightly incurved above, acuminate. Coniferous 



woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 rather rare. s. Kuriles, Korea, and China. 



Var. somae (Hayata) Ohwi. L. somae Hayata; L. chinense 



var. somae (Hayata) Masam. Ko-sugi-t6geshiba. Stems 



slender, often rubescent at base, 3-10 cm. long, 3-5 mm. across 

 including die leaves; leaves smaller, narrowly oblong to nar- 

 rowly lanceolate, 2-3 mm. long, 0.5-0.8 mm. wide, short- 

 acuminate, deflexed. ^Woods in mountains; Kyushu (Yaku- 

 shima) ; rare. ^Formosa. 



3. Lycopodium fargesii Hert. L. tereticaule Hayata; L. 



fauriei Rosenst.; L. quasiprimaevum Koidz. Himo-sugi- 



RAN, HosoHiMo-YORAKU. Stems slender, tufted, pendulous, 

 30-40 cm. long, sparingly forked, 2-3.5 mm. across including 

 the leaves, prominently short-stria te; leaves rather densely im- 

 bricate, broadly subulate, 1.5-3 mm. long, 0.2-0.5 mm. wide, 

 acute, enrire, strongly incurved above the middle, obtusely cari- 

 nate on back at base, slightly concave on inside, more or less 

 adnate to the stem at base; sporangia reniform-orbicular, more 

 than half as long as the fertile leaves. ^Kyushu (Yaku- 

 shima) ; rare. ^Formosa and China. 



4. Lycopodium sieboldii Miq. Himo-ran. Stems 

 tufted, filiform, pendulous, about 1.5 mm. across including the 

 leaves, slightly angular, sparsely forked, 20-40 cm. long, leafy; 

 leaves scalelike, closely appressed and adnate to the stem in 

 lower two-thirds, the free portion triangular-ovate to ovate, 

 about 1.5 mm. long, very acute, about as long as the sporangia, 

 convex and scarcely keeled on back; fertile leaves simulating 

 the scale leaves but more dilated and barely acute to short- 

 mucronate; sporangia reniform-orbicular, as long as to slightly 



longer than the leaves. Honshu (Sagami, Izu, and Kii 



Prov.), Kyushu (s. distr.); rare. Korea (Quelpaert Isl.), 



Ryukyus (var.). 



5. Lycopodium cryptomerinum Maxim. Sugi-ran. 

 Epiphytic; stems solitary or few togetiier, rather stout, 15-30 

 cm. long, erect, short-ascending at base, 3-5 mm. across near 

 base, or 2-3 cm. across including the leaves, sparsely forked; 

 sterile leaves coriaceous, rather dense, spirally arranged, broadly 

 linear to linear-lanceolate, 12-18 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, 

 gradually narrowed and obtusish at tip, shortiy adnate to the 

 stem at base, entire, slighdy recurved on margin, flat, lustrous 

 above, the midrib broad, obsoletely raised at tip; fertile leaves 

 simulating the sterile, very slightly smaller; sporangia reni- 



form. Hokkaido (Oshima and Hidaka Prov.), Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. 



6. Lycopodium fordii Bak. L. hamiltonii var. petiola- 

 tum C. B. Clarke; L. petiolatum (C. B. Clarke) Hert.; L. 



henryi Bak.; L. subdistichum Makino Nankaku-ran. 



Rather soft pendulous epiphyte; stems usually tufted, branched 

 once or twice or simple, ratiier slender, 20-40 cm. long, 1-1.7 

 cm. wide (including the leaves) in the sterile part; sterile 

 leaves lanceolate, 8-12 mm. long, 2.5-3 mm. wide, obliquely 

 spreading, subacute, slightly narrowed at the base, entire, 



1-nerved, the basal ones small and suberect; fertile leaves 

 nearly like the sterile ones, often smaller and narrower, fre- 

 quently ascending, 3-10 mm. long, 1-2.5 mm. wide; sporangia 



cordate, broadly rounded on upper margin. Honshu (Ha- 



chijo Isl. and Kii Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. Ryukyus, 



Formosa, and China. 



7. Lycopodium phlegmaria L. Yoraku-hiba. Pen- 

 dulous epiphyte; stems loosely forked, rather stout, deeply 

 grooved, 40-70 cm. long, to 8 mm. across at base excluding the 

 leaves, or 2-2.5 cm. wide including the leaves; fertile branches 

 terminal, several times forked, 10-25 cm. long, 1.5-2 mm. 

 across; sterile leaves coriaceous, narrowly deltoid-ovate to 

 broadly deltoid-lanceolate, 6-13 mm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, 

 pungent at apex, rounded-truncate at base, very short-petiolate, 

 spreading, lustrous, entire, silghtly recurved on margin, midrib 

 not prominent; fertile leaves (bracts) dense, scalelike, about 1 

 mm. long and as wide, deltoid or deltoid-ovate, obtuse to 

 rounded at apex, slighdy shorter than to slightly longer than 



the reniform-cordate sporangia. ^Kyushu (Yakushima and 



Tanegashima) ; rather rare. Ryukyus and Formosa, and 



generally throughout the Old World Tropics. 



8. Lycopodium inundatum L. Yachi-sugi-ran. Rather 

 soft, pale green, creeping herb; stems slender, simple or spar- 

 ingly branched, 5-12 cm. long, about 1.5 mm. across, or 5-10 

 mm. across including the leaves; leaves linear, soft, spreading, 

 somewhat ascending, 4-6 mm. long, 0.5-0.8 mm. wide, acumi- 

 nate, entire or with few minute teeth, midnerve obsolete; fer- 

 tile branches arising direcdy from the creeping stems, simple, 

 usually solitary, erect, 4-10 cm. long, leafy; spikes usually soli- 

 tary, erect, cylindric, 2-4 cm. long, 6-15 mm. wide inclusive 

 of the fertile leaves (bracts), the bracts many, similar to the 

 sterile leaves, spreading to recurved, dilated at base; sporangia 



subglobose. Boggy places; Hokkaido, Honshu (Kinki 



Distr. and northw.) ; rather rare. China, Europe, and N. 



America. 



9. Lycopodium carolinianum L. L. subinundatum 



Tagawa Inu-yachi-sugi-ran. Similar to the preceding 



in habit, but firmer on all parts; stems creeping, 5-15 cm. long, 

 simple or sparingly forked, rather densely leaved; leaves subu- 

 late-lanceolate or linear, 4-7 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide, acu- 

 minate, entire, the lateral ones ascending; scapes (peduncles) 

 arising directly from creeping stems, solitary, simple, erect, 4-7 

 cm. long, about 1.5 mm. across; scalelike leaves of scape loosely 

 disposed, erect to suberect, subulate, about 3 mm. long; spikes 

 terminal, solitary, erect, cylindric, 2-5 cm. long, about 3 mm. 

 wide, densely many-leaved; bracts imbricate, scalelike, deltoid- 

 ovate, about 3 mm. long, scarcely 2 mm. wide, acuminate, 

 erose on membranous lower margin, pale yellowish, obliquely 

 spreading, with a broad entire cusp at apex; sporangia reni- 



form. Wet boggy places; Honshu (Mount Tenganzan in 



Oomi Prov.); very rare. N. and S. America, S. Africa, 



Mauritius, Ceylon, and Malaysia. 



10. Lycopodium casuarinoides Spring. L. casuari- 



noides var. japonicum Nakai Himo-zuru. Climbing on 



trees; stems much elongate, terete, wiry; leaves of sterile 

 stems scalelike, appressed, linear-lanceolate, convex on back, 

 not keeled, 1.5-2 mm. long, with a long hairlike tip 2-4 mm. 

 long; branches rather loosely disposed, 20-40 cm. long, rami- 

 fied, pendulous, the branchlets much flattened, 1.5-4 mm. 

 wide inclusive of the loosely arranged leaves; leaves of branch- 

 lets prominently decurrent, firm, the free portion deltoid and 

 appressed to lanceolate and ascending, 0.5-2 mm. long, ob- 



