26 Lycopodiaceae; Selaginellaceae 



cending, often hyaline at the tip; spikes 2-5 on each peduncle. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.) Ku- 



2-3 cm. long, pedicelled; bracts deltoid-cordate, with a linear riles, Sakhalin, Korea, China, Himalayas, Siberia to Europe, 

 hyaline short tip, erose and membranous on margin. and N. America. 



Fam. 4. SELAGINELLACEAE Iwa-hiba Ka Selaginella Family 



Herbs with long, usually creeping stems; rhizophores leafless, giving rise to adventitious roots; leaves small, 1-nerved, ligulate 

 at base, all alike and spirally arranged or of two sizes arranged in 4 rows; spikes terminal, usually 4-angled, the bracts all 

 alike or dimorphic; sporangia axillary, of two kinds, the larger megasporangia usually borne in lower axils, fewer than the 

 smaller microsporangia borne above. One genus. 



1. SELAGINELLA Beauv. Iwa-hiba Zoku 

 Characters of the family. A cosmopolitan genus comprising about 700 species. 



lA. Leaves all alike, spirally arranged. 

 2A. Leaves spreading, minutely spine-tipped; spikes pedunculate, solitary, the bracts spreading, spirally arranged, 3.5-5 mm. long. 



1. S. selaginoides 

 2B. Leaves imbricate, appressed to ascending, hair-tipped; spikes sessile on short ascending branchlets, the bracts in 4 rows. 



3A. Branchlets about 1.5 mm. across including the leaves; megaspores with prominent primary reticulations 2. 5. sibirica 



3B. Branchlets about 1 mm. across including the leaves; megaspores with prominent primary and secondary reticulations. 



3. S. shakptanensis 

 IB. Leaves of two sizes, in 4 rows, those of the 2 dorsal rows smaller, appressed, those of the 2 ventral rows larger, spreading to ascending. 



4A. Stems densely tufted, 5-12 cm. long; roots confined to the base, forming a short false stem 4. 5. tamariscina 



4B. Stems not tufted, creeping or ascending. 



5A. Main stems without green leaves, shallowly subterranean, wiry, with small scarious scales, unbranched at base, branched in upper 



part 5. S. pachystachys 



5B. Main stems with green leaves, ascending or creeping at ground level, branched from the base. 



6A. Stems erect to ascending, with aerial roots in the lower half, deep green above, 6-9 mm. wide 6. S. doederleinii 



6B. Stems prostrate, creeping on the ground. 



7A. Bracts all alike, loosely arranged, or if two forms present then the larger ones in the same plane as the large leaves, entire, 

 ciliolate, or obsoletely toothed. 



8A. Stems long-creeping, loosely leaved, scantily forked 7. S. remotifolia var. japontca 



8B. Stems short-creeping, rather densely leaved, prominently forked. 



9A. Fertile branches sparsely branched, the leaves not smaller than the bracts; bracts abruptly acuminate; stems and sterile 



branches 4-6 mm. wide; sterile leaves of upper plane cuspidate 8. S. nipponica 



9B. Fertile branches simple or once forked at tip, scapiform, the leaves smaller than the bracts; bracts acute; stems and sterile 



branches 2.5-3.5 mm. wide; sterile leaves of upper plane obtuse to acutish, not cuspidate 9. 5. helvetica 



7B. Bracts of two forms, densely arranged, the smaller ones in the same plane as the larger leaves, spine-toothed. 



lOA. Stems mat-forming, densely leaved, 3-5 mm. wide; spikes 1.5-3 mm. wide 10. 5. heterostachys 



lOB. Stems long-creeping, loosely leaved, 7-8 mm. wide; spikes 2.5-3 mm. wide 11. 5. boninensis 



1. Selaginella selaginoides (L.) Link. Lycopodium and incurved at tip when dried; spikes 4-angled, sessile, the 



selaginoides L.; S. spinosa Beauv. Koke-sugi-ran. Stems bracts all alike, in 4 rows, narrowly deltoid, 1.5-2 mm. long, 



creeping and appressed to the ground, slender, 3-5 mm. wide, short awn-ripped, ciliate; megaspores with prominent primary 



with short ascending branches; leaves multifarious, all alike, reticulations. Rocks; Hokkaido (Hidaka and Kitami Prov. 



spreading, rather loose, more dense in upper part, lanceolate, including Rebun and Riishiri Isls.); rare. Sakhalin, n. 



2-3 mm. long, acute, minutely spine-tipped, remotely ciliate, Korea, e. Siberia to Alaska. 



the midrib obsolete; fertile stems erect from a creeping base, 3. Selaginella shakotanensis (Franch.) Miyabe & Kudo. 



scapiform, 5-8 cm. long, inclusive of the spike, simple; leaves S. rupestris sensu auct. Japon., non Spring; S. rupestris var. 



of fertile stems similar to die sterile ones; spike solitary, erect, sha\otanensis Franch. Himo-kazura. Stems creeping, 



1-2 cm. long, pedunculate, rather densely bracteate; bracts much branched, forming small dense mats, the branchlets 

 multifarious, similar to the sterile leaves but slightly larger, short, ascending, dark gray-green; leaves persistent, all alike, 

 spreading to ascending, 3.5-5 mm. long, 1-1.5 mm. wide, multifarious, subulate-linear, 1-1.3 mm. long, about 0.3 mm. 

 prominenriy serrate-ciliate; sporangia globose. June-July. wide, acute, ciliate, appressed or ascending, incurved and white- 

 Alpine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. to n. distr.); rather filiform at tip, narrowly and deeply grooved on back, slightly 



rare. Kuriles, Kamchatka, Siberia to Europe, and N. Amer- concave on inner side; spikes as thick as the sterile ones, 4- 



ica. angled, the bracts narrowly deltoid-ovate, about 1.5 mm. 



2. Selaginella sibirica (Milde) Hieron. S. rupestris long, ciliate, short awn-tipped; megaspores with prominent 



forma sibirica Milde; S. schmidtii Hieron. Ezo-no-himo- primary and secondary reticulations. Rocks in mountains; 



KAZURA. Stems rather short, much branched, forming a Hokkaido, Honshu (Tango, Yamato and Iwashiro Prov. 



dense mat, the branchlets ascending; leaves all alike, multifari- northeastw.) ; rare. Sakhalin and s. Kuriles. 



ous, persistent, subulate-linear, about 2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. 4. Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring. Lycopo- 



wide, abruptly acuminate, filiform-tipped, ciliate, gray-green, dium tamariscinum Beauv.; S. involvens sensu auct. Japon., 

 narrowly and deeply grooved on back, appressed or ascending non Spring (?); S. veitchii MacNab; S. involvens var. veitchii 



