30 



Ophioglossaceae 



Sept. Sunny alpine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. 



distr.) ; rare. Korea, Kuriles, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Siberia, 



Himalayas, Europe, N. and S. America. 



2. Botrychium simplex E. Hitchc. var. tenebrosum (A. 



A. Eaton) Clausen. B. tenebrosum A. A. Eaton Koke- 



HANA-WARABi. Delicate glabrous herb, 4-6 cm. high (in 

 ours) ; stipes very slender; sterile blade obovate, sometimes 

 ovate, 3-5 mm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, usually ternate (in ours), 

 the petiole about 1-2 mm. long, the segments obovate or cune- 

 ate, obscurely undulate on upper margin, few-nerved; fertile 

 part consisting of a short slender peduncle with few pairs of 



sporangia. Aug. Mossy forests in high mountains; Honshu 



(Mount Yatsugatake in Shinano) ; very rare. e. N. America 



and Europe (Austria). 



3. Botrychium lanceolatum (Gmel.) Angstr. Osmunda 

 lanceolata Gmel.; B. palmatum Presl; B. rutaceum var. triparti- 

 tum Ledeb. ^Miyama-hana-warabi. Rather fleshy gla- 

 brous herb 6-20 cm. high, with brown membranous withering 

 sheaths at base; sterile blade below the fertile panicle, sessile, 

 deltoid, 2-3 cm. long and as wide, pinnately divided, the seg- 

 ments linear to lanceolate, pinnately lobed to entire, sessile, ob- 

 tuse, the lowest lateral segments pinnately veined, 1.5-2 cm. 

 long; fertile panicle rather dense, pyramidal, subsessile or very 

 shorriy pedunculate, usually not longer than the sterile blade. 



Aug. Alpine regions; Honshu (centr. distr.); very rare. 



Sakhalin, n. Kuriles, Kamchatka, Siberia to Europe, and 



N. America. 



4. Botrychium ternatum (Thunb.) Sw. Osmunda ter- 

 nata Thunb. Fuyu-no-hana-warabi. Rather fleshy ever- 

 green herb 15-40 cm. high, very sparsely long-hairy or gla- 

 brate; stems naked at base, the bud hidden, hairy; sterile blade 

 thick-herbaceous, 5-angled in outline, 3- or 4-ternate, 4-15 

 cm. long, 5-20 cm. wide, glabrous or nearly so, the primary 

 and secondary segments petiolulate, ovate or ovate-deltoid, ob- 

 tuse, the ultimate segments ovate, lobed, crenate- to mucronate- 

 toothed, obtuse, the petiole rather stout, arising immediately 

 above the base, 3-15 cm. long; fertile panicle long-pedunculate, 



erect, pyramidal, 4-10 cm. long, dense. Sept.-Nov. Thickets 



and grassy places in lowlands and low mountains; Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. Ryukyus, Formosa, 



China to the Himalayas. 



5. Botrychium robustum (Rupr.) Underw. B. rutae- 

 folium var. robustum Rupr.; B. multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. var. 

 robustum (Rupr.) C. Chr.; B. matricariae sensu auct. Japon., 



non Spring Ezo-fuyu-no-hana-warabi. Rather fleshy herb 



15-30 cm. high, thinly long-hairy or rarely glabrate; stems with 

 a whitish basal sheath or scale, or widi last year's sterile blade 

 persistent; sterile blade thick-herbaceous, 5-angled in outline, 

 3- or 4-ternate, 5-10 cm. long, 6-12 cm. wide, petiolate, the 

 segments obtuse, the ultimate ones ovate, lobed, crenulate- to 

 mucronate-toothed, the petiole arising immediately above the 

 base; fertile panicle long-pedunculate, pyramidal, dense, 4-8 



cm. long. Aug.-Oct. Hokkaido, Honshu (mountains of 



centr. and n. distr.). Korea, Manchuria, Ussuri, Sakhalin, 



Kuriles, Kamchatka to Alaska. 



6. Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. Osmunda 

 multifida Gmel.; B. matricariae (Schrank) Spreng.; O. matri- 

 cariae Schrank; B. rutaceum Sw.; B. rutaejolium A. Br. 



Azusa-hana-waraei. Similar to the preceding but smaller, 

 8-13 cm. high, very thinly white-hairy to glabrescent; stems 

 usually with a whitish membranous basal scale, sometimes with 

 last year's sterile blade persistent; bud white-hairy; sterile blade 

 3- or 5-angled in outline, 2 or 3 times ternate, 2.5-4 cm. long. 



3-5 cm. wide, the segments deltoid-ovate, obtuse, the ultimate 

 segments ovate, obtuse, pinnately lobed, crenate-toothed, the 

 petiole 3-6 cm. long, arising immediately above the base; fer- 

 tile panicle rather dense, pyramidal, 2-3 cm. long, the peduncle 



7-12 cm. long. Aug. Mountains; Honshu (Shinano 



Prov.) ; very rare. Europe to Siberia, and N. America. 



7. Botrychium japonicum (Prand) Underw. B. dauci- 



jolium var. japonicum Prantl O-hana-warabi. Stout 



slighdy hairy herb 25-40 cm. high; stems naked at base (rarely 

 with an old persistent frond attached) ; sterile blade herba- 

 ceous, 5-angled in outline, peuolate, 8-15 cm. long, 10-20 cm. 

 wide, 3 or 4 times ternate, the pinnae deltoid or deltoid-ovate, 

 acute to subacuminate, petiolulate, the pinnules oblong-ovate to 

 broadly lanceolate, pinnately lobed to parted, acuminate, aristu- 

 late-toothed, the lowest basal lobe flabellate-orbicular, the peti- 

 oles 5-15 (-20) cm. long, stout, green to brownish or yellowish, 

 arising 3-10 cm. above the base of the stem; fertile panicle 7-15 

 cm. long, yellow-brown to brown, the peduncle erect, rather 



stout, slightly longer to twice as long as die sterile blade. 



Sept.-Nov. Honshu (Kan to Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, 

 Kyushu. 



8. Botrychium nipponicum Makino. Aka-hana-warabi. 

 Similar to the preceding but more fleshy and red-brown tinged, 

 very thinly hairy or glabrous; stems naked at base; sterile blade 

 5-angled in outline, 8-15 cm. long, 10-20 cm. wide, 3 or 4 

 times ternate, the pinnae and pinnules petiolulate, acute to 

 acuminate, obtuse at the tip, the ultimate segments deltoid- 

 lanceolate, pinnately lobed to parted, mucronate-toothed, the 

 lowest basal lobes decurrent beyond the base of the segment 

 but not inserted on the main rachis, the petioles 7-12 cm. long, 

 arising 2-5 cm. above the base of the stem; fertile panicle 3-15 

 cm. long, narrowly pyramidal, twice as long as the sterile 

 blade. Oct.-Nov. Honshu (Kanto Distr.) ; rare. 



9. Botrychium strictum Underw. Osmundopteris stricta 



(Underw.) Nishida ^Nagabo-no-hana-warabi, Nagabo-no- 



NATsu-No-HANA-WARABi. Deciduous, thinly hairy to nearly 

 glabrous herb, 30-80 cm. high; stems terete, rather stout, 

 slightly thickened, commonly with a membranous ovate entire 

 brown scale 2-3 cm. long at base; sterile blade sessile, ternately 

 divided, the main lateral branches ovate, 15-30 cm. long, 10- 

 20 cm. wide, bipinnate, short-acuminate, short-petiolate, the 

 rachis narrowly winged; pinnae acuminate, sessile, the pinnules 

 oblong-ovate, toothed, pinnatiparted, the terminal primary seg- 

 ment deltoid; fertile panicle linear-cylindric, 10-30 cm. long, 



scarcely or not overtopping the sterile blade. Aug.-Oct. 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. Korea and 



China. 



10. Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. Osmunda vir- 

 giniana L.; Osmundopteris virginiana (L.) Small; B. gracile 



Pursh Natsu-no-hana-warabi. Deciduous, thinly hairy 



rather soft herb, 30-60 cm. high; stems with a brown mem- 

 branous scale 2-3 cm. long at base; sterile blade sessile, ter- 

 nately divided, green, the main lateral branches ovate, 10-20 

 cm. long, 5-15 cm. wide, short-acuminate, short-petiolulate, bi- 

 pinnate; pinnae lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, the pinnules 

 oblong to narrowly ovate, pinnately lobed and toothed, sessile 

 or somewhat adnate on the prominentiy winged rachis, the 

 primary terminal segment deltoid; fertile panicle ovate to 

 broadly lanceolate, 7-13 cm. long, compound, longer than and 

 overtopping the sterile blade. May-June. Woods; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. Korea, Man- 

 churia, China, Himalayas, Siberia to Europe, and N. America. 



