Marattiaceae : Osmundaceae 



31 



Fam. 7. MARATTIACEAE Ryubintai Ka Marattia Family 



Terrestrial; fronds with circinnate vernation, compound, joined on the rhizome or short stem by die enlarged stipulelike base 

 of the stipe; pinnae jointed at base; sporangia in elongate or round dorsal sori, the sporangia separate, derived from several cells, 

 opening by a ventral longitudinal split. Four genera, with about 150 species, widely distributed in the Tropics of both hemi- 

 spheres. 



1. ANGIOPTERIS Hoflm. Ryubintai Zoku 



Large ferns with short stout stems; fronds bipinnate, the veins free; sori dorsal, near the margin, the sporangia usually 7 to 



13, in 2 rows, contiguous but not coherent. Madagascar to Polynesia and Japan. A complex genus represented by more than 



100 species according to some authors or reduced to a single species by others. 



1. Angiopteris lygodiifolia Rosenst. A. fauriei Hieron.; 

 A. oschimensis Hieron.; A. sa\uraii Hieron.; A. evecta sensu 

 auct. Japon., non Hoflm.; A. suboppositijolia sensu auct. 



Japon., non De Vriese Ryubintai. Nearly glabrous, 



with a short stout stem or rhizome; fronds tufted, to 1.5 m. 

 long or sometimes longer; stipes stout, fleshy, terete, green, 

 about 2.5 cm. thick above the base, the basal portion dilated, 

 obovate-orbicular, rounded on back, with a semirounded auri- 

 cle on each side at top; blades oblong-ovate to ovate, bipinnate, 

 to 1 m. long, 50-60 cm. wide; pinnae 3-6 pairs, alternate, 

 the rachis swollen and jointed at base; pinnules 15-25 pairs, 



alternate, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, 1-2.5 

 cm. wide, acuminate, broadly cuneate to subtruncate at base, 

 subsessile, minutely toothed, green above, paler beneath, the 

 costa prominent on both sides, the veinlets many, parallel, 

 spreading, distinct, usually once forked; sori oblong, about 1.5 

 mm. long, with 7-13 sessile ellipsoidal sporangia, each with an 

 opening on the inner side, solitary on the veinlets near the 



margin of the pinnae. Woods in low mountains; Honshu 



(Izu Isls., Izu Peninsula, Kii and Ise Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 rarer eastw. Ryukyus and Formosa. 



Fam. 8. OSMUNDACEAE Zenmai Ka Osmunda Family 



Terrestrial with erector ascending large scaleless rhizomes; fronds with circinnate vernation, pinnately divided, the veins free; 

 sporangia large, maturing simultaneously, the annulus incomplete, with thick cells on one side near the rip, dehiscent by a 



vertical slit across the apex. Three genera and about 20 species, 2 of the genera confined to S. Africa, Australia, and New 



Guinea; Osmunda of wide distribution. 



1. OSMUNDA L. Zenmai Zoku 



Fronds dimorphic; fertile pinnules terminal, medial, or occupying the whole blade; sporangia marginal on much-reduced 

 pinnules. Species about 15, nearly cosmopolitan, absent in Australia. 



lA. Sterile blade ovate, bipinnate; pinnae and pinnules few, the pinnules lanceolate to narrowly ovate, minutely toothed. 



2 A. Pinnules of sterile blade obliquely truncate to rounded at base, sessile, chartaceous to membranous 1.0. japonica 



2B. Pinnules of sterile blade acuminate to cuneate at base, sometimes indistinctly petiolulate, coriaceous to chartaceous 2.0. lancea 



IB. Sterile blade lanceolate, pinnate; pinnae many, coarsely acute-toothed or pinnatiparted. 

 3A. Fronds deciduous, chartaceous to herbaceous; pinnae pinnatiparted, nearly truncate and sessile or subsessile at base. 

 4A. Fertile pinnae on separate fronds, red-brown; sterile pinnae green, paler beneath, acuminate; woolly hairs red-brown 

 4B. Fertile and sterile pinnae on the same blade, the fertile medial; sterile pinnae slightly glaucescent especially beneath, 



hairs of young plants light brown 4. 



3B. Fronds evergreen, coriaceous, lustrous; pinnae coarsely acute-toothed, long-acuminate, narrowed to a petiolelike base 

 medial 5. 



1. Osmunda japonica Thunb. O. regalis sensu auct. 

 Japon., non L.; O. regalis var. japonica (Thunb.) Milde; O. 

 regalis var. biformis Benth.; O. bijormis (Benth.) Makino; O. 



nipponica Makino Zenmai. Rhizomes short, ascending, 



stout, covered with bases of old withered leaves, the woolly 

 hairs cinnamon-brown, mixed with blackish ones, soon decidu- 

 ous; fronds dimorphic, sterile fronds to 1 m. long, tufted; stipes 

 stramineous, smooth, with a chartaceous wing on each side 

 near base; blades ovate or triangular-ovate, bipinnate, glabrous 

 or nearly so; pinnae 20-30 cm. long, oblong-ovate, tiie lower 

 ones short-petiolulate; pinnules oblong to broadly lanceolate, 

 4-10 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, obtuse to acute, obliquely trun- 

 cate and rounded at base, minutely toothed, green above, 

 glaucescent beneath, sessile, the costa distinct, penninerved, the 

 veinlets spreading, parallel, 1-3 times forked; fertile fronds 

 20-50 cm. long, rising among the sterile fronds, the sporophylls 

 paniculate, erect, rather loose, cinnamon-brown. Apr.-May 



. 3.0. asiatica 

 I acute; woolly 

 0. claytoniana 

 ; fertile pinnae 

 O. bank.siijoUa 



(-Oct.). Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 

 s. Sakhalin, Korea, Ryukyus, Formosa, China to the Him- 

 alayas. 



2. Osmunda lancea Thunb. O. japonica Houtt., non 



Thunb.; Osmundastrum lanceum (Thunb.) Presl Yasha- 



ZENMAi. Closely resembling the preceding but somewhat 

 smaller and less densely woolly; sterile fronds to 1 m. long; 

 pinnules slightly thicker, linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 

 acuminate to cuneate at base, petiolulate (sessile in var. lati- 



pinnula. Tagawa). Apr.-May. Hokkaido (s. distr.), 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. 



3. Osmunda asiatica (Fern.) Ohwi. O. cinnamomea 

 sensu auct. Japon., non L.; O. cinnamomea var. jokjensis 

 Copel.; O. cinnamomea var. asiatica Fern.; Osmundastrum 



cinnamomeum var. jol{iense (Copel.) Tagawa Yamadori- 



ZENNMi. Rhizomes stout; woolly hairs red-brown, muted 

 with some blackish ones in the fertile areas, soon deciduous ex- 



