32 



Osmundaceae; Schizaeaceae; Gleicheniaceae 



cept at base of pinnae; sterile fronds tufted, erect, green; stipe 

 shorter than the blade, flattened and dilated near base; blades 

 oblong-lanceolate, 30-60 cm. long, 12-20 cm. wide, abruptly 

 contracted and short-acuminate at apex, not or very shortly 

 narrowed at base; pinnae many, horizontally spreading, linear- 

 lanceolate, 16-23 mm. wide, acuminate, pinnatiparted, sessile 

 on the posterior side, truncate and subsessile on the anterior 

 side; segments rather numerous, oblong-ovate, 4-7 mm. wide, 

 sub-entire, obtuse to rounded at the tip, 1-nerved, the veinlets 

 slender, usually once forked, pinnately arranged; fertile blades 

 several, central, erect, strict, narrow, the pinnae ascending, 

 red-brown, soon withering after spore dissemination. ^May- 

 July. Wet places; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; lo- 

 cally abundant. s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, Amur, Ussuri, Man- 

 churia, Korea, China, and Formosa. 

 4. Osmunda claytoniana L. Osmundastrum claytoni- 



anum (L.) Tagawa Oni-zenmai. Closely allied to the 



preceding, the woolly hairs light brown; sterile blades acute; 

 pinnae somewhat glaucescent beneath; fertile pinnae olive- 

 brown to blackish in interrupted pairs in the middle portion 

 of the blade; sterile blades 15-25 cm. wide; pinnae 2-3 cm. 



wide, the segments 6-8 mm. wide. ^May-July. Wet places; 



Honshu (centr. distr.); locally abundant. ^Korea, Man- 

 churia, Ussuri, and e. N. America; a variety occurs in For- 

 mosa and sw. China to the Himalayas. 



5. Osmunda banksiifolia (Prcsl) Kuhn. Nephrodium 

 ban\siaefolium Presl; Plenaskim ban\siaejolium (Presl) Presl; 



O. javanica sensu auct. Japon., non Bl. Shiroyama-zenmai. 



Rhizomes stout, erect or ascending; woolly hairs scanty, red- 

 brown, early deciduous; sterile fronds evergreen, 1-1.5 m. 

 long, tufted; stipes lustrous, brownish, with a wing on each 

 side near base; blades oblong-lanceolate, simply pinnate; pinnae 

 10-20 pairs, coriaceous, linear-lanceolate, 15-25 cm. long, 1-2 

 cm. wide, gradually long-acuminate, narrowed to a periolelike 

 base, coarsely acute-toothed, obliquely spreading, jointed at 

 base, except the terminal one, lustrous, glabrous, slighdy 

 thickened and whitish on the margin, the costa and veinlets 

 raised on both sides, the veinlets 1-4 times forked, parallel, 

 obliquely spreading; fertile pinnae medial, linear-cylindric, 

 7-10 cm. long, dark brown. June-Dec. Wet places; Hon- 

 shu (Izu Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, 



s. China, Indochina, and Malaysia. 



Fam. 9. SCHIZAEACEAE Kani-kusa Ka Climbing Fern Family 



Terrestrial; rhizomes creeping or ascending; fronds often scandent and much elongate; sporangia marginal, sometimes ap- 

 parently superficial, with a complete distal annulus, opening by a longitudinal slit. Four genera, with about 150 species, 



chiefly in the S. Hemisphere, 1 in our area. 



1. LYGODIUM Sw. Kani-kusa Zoku 



Rhizomes creeping, hairy; rachis of fronds much elongate, twining; pinnae alternate, pinnately or palmately divided, short- 

 petiolulate; veins usually free; sporangia subtended by an outgrowth simulating an indusium, in 2 rows on margin of the ulti- 

 mate segments; spores tetrahedral. About 40 species, in New Zealand, S. Africa, Asia, Malaysia, Polynesia, and 1 species in e. 



N. America. 



1. Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. Opkioglossum 

 japonicum Thunb.; Hydroglossum japonicum (Thunb.) Willd. 



Kani-kusa. Scandent; rhizomes creeping, 3-4 mm. 



across, densely covered with soft blackish hairs about 1 rrun. 

 long; rachis much elongate, twining, 2-striate, pale brown, 

 lustrous; pinnae alternate, with a pair of pinnate segments and 

 a hairy bud at the tip of a short petiolule, the segments deltoid 

 to ovate, ternately 1- or 2-pinnate, with the rachis puberulent 

 in upper part; sterile pinnae thinly chartaceous, often 3- to 



5-lobed to -parted, minutely toothed, the terminal lobe or seg- 

 ments elongate deltoid- to linear-lanceolate, to 60 mm. long, 

 4-8 mm. wide, acute to obtuse; veins obliquely ascending, once 

 to thrice forked, the veinlets ending in the marginal teeth; 

 sporangia in 2 closely adjacent rows on margin beneath the 

 ultimate segments. Aug.-Jan. Thickets and hedges in low- 

 lands and low mountains; Honshu (Kan to Distr., Shinano, 



Etchu Prov. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



Ryukyus, Formosa, Korea and China. 



Fam. 10. GLEICHENIACEAE Urajiro Ka Gleichenia Family 



Terrestrial ferns widi long-creeping rhizomes; fronds often falsely forked by the abortion of the terminal bud, the lateral 

 branches usually again dichotomous, the ultimate branches pinnatifid or pinnate-pinnatifid; veins free, pinnate, simple or forked; 



sori exindusiate, dorsal, the sporangia 4-15, with a complete oblique annulus, opening by a longitudinal slit. Six genera, with 



about 130 species, of wide distribution in the Tropics and subtropics. 



lA. Plant with jointed hairs on rhizomes and buds; pinnae pinnatiparted 1. Dicranopteris 



IB. Plant with flattened paleae on rhizomes and buds; pinnae bipinnatiparted 2. Gleichenia 



1. DICRANOPTERIS Bernh. 



Ko-sHiDA Zoku 



Rhizomes with jointed hairs; fronds evergreen, the primary rachis elongate, the lateral branches several times dichotomous, 

 usually with a pair of foliaceous stipulelike outgrowths at the base of each fork, the secondary rachises naked, only the ultimate 



branches (and the stipulelike branches) leafy; veins 2-4 times forked; sori superficial, usually with 6 or more sporangia. A 



pantropic genus with about 10 species, also in New Zealand. 



1. Dicranopteris linearis (Burm. f.) Underw. Polypo- 

 dium lineare Burm. f.; Gleichenia linearis (Burm. f.) C. B. 

 Clarke; P. pedatum Houtt.; P. dichotomum Thunb.; D. dicho- 



toma (Thunb.) Bernh.; G. dichotoma (Thunb.) Hook.; D. 



linearis var. dichotoma (Thunb.) Holttum Ko-shida. 



Rhizomes firm, terete, wiry, 3-4 mm. across, with sparse 



