50 Cyatheaceae; Aspidiaceae 



1. CYATHEA J. E. Smith Hego Zoku 



Arborescent, with erect trunks, scaly at apex; fronds large, crowded at the summit of the trunk, bipinnate or decompound, 

 usually coriaceous, variously scaly and sometimes hairy, or nearly glabrous; veins free; sori dorsal on the veins or in the vein 

 axils, usually with filamentose paraphyses among the sporangia; receptacle elevated, hemispheric, globose, or columnar; indusia 

 complete and globose to partial or wanting. About 800 species, mostly in humid tropical regions. 



1. Cyathea fauriei (Christ) Copel. Ahophila jauriei brous above, paler beneath, equilateral, bipinnatiparted, the 



Christ; C. boninsimensis auct. Japon., non Copel.; C. spinulosa rachis densely short-pilose on upper side; pinnules many, hori- 



auct. Japon., non Wall. Hego. Trunk simple, 3 m. high zontally spreading, linear-lanceolate, 7-10 cm. long, about 20 



or more, 10-20 cm. across near the top, densely covered with mm. wide, gradually acuminate, approximate, closely pinnad- 

 coarse wiry aerial roots; fronds crowded at the top of trunk, parted, with deciduous ovate thin scales 1-2 mm. long along 

 widely spreading, large, 1.5-2 m. long; stipes and rachis dark the costae and costules beneath; ultimate segments oblong, sub- 

 brown, slighdy lustrous, spiny and asperous, with pale brown acute, slightly falcate, serrulate; indusia thinly membranous, 



scurfy hairs while young, the stipes often 4 cm. across near globose, hyaline, easily broken when dried. Honshu (Ha- 



base; pinnae many, chartaceous-herbaceous, 40-60 cm. long, chijolsl.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus and Formosa. 



20-25 cm. wide, abrupdy caudate-acuminate, green and gla- 



2. GYMNOSPHAERA Bl. Maruhachi Zoku 



Mostly arborescent (ours without a distinct trunk), brown-scaly in upper part; fronds mostly bipinnate, rarely simply pinnate 

 or tripinnate, the rachis black or sometimes brown, commonly lustrous, naked, scaly or rarely hairy; pinnae and pinnules sub- 

 coriaceous; veinlets typically simple, free; sori dorsal on the veins, variously paraphysate; indusia wanting. More than 30 



species, in Madagascar to e. Asia and Fiji. 



1. Cymnosphaera denticulata (Bak.) Copel. Ahophila 4-10 cm. wide, long-acuminate, short-petiolulate or sessile, the 



denticulata Bak.; Ahophila acaulis Makino ^Kusa-maruha- rachis brown, lustrous, with dense incurved setulose hairs on 



CHI. Stems or rhizomes about 10 cm. long, 2-3 cm. across, upper side; pinnules broadly lanceolate, acute, sessile or sub- 

 creeping, densely covered with lustrous yellow-brown scales sessile, sometimes decurrent, toothed, usually pinnately lobed 

 about 10 mm. long; fronds about 1.5 m. long; stipes 30-50 cm. to parted, minutely scurfy on the costa and costules beneath, 

 long, dark brown, lustrous, scurf y-puberulent while young, minutely setulose-hairy on the costas above; sori between the 

 densely scaly near base, the scales linear-lanceolate, 10-12 mm. costule and margin of the pinnules or segments, rounded, 



long, membranous, yellow-brown, lustrous, ciliate near base; naked. Honshu (s. Kinki Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu, rare. 



blades narrowly ovate, gradually narrowed toward tip, 2- or Ryukyus, Formosa, and China. 



3-pinnatiparted; pinnae broadly lanceolate, 20-35 cm. long, 



Fam. 17. ASPIDIACEAE O-shida Ka Aspidium Family 



Mostly terrestrial or rarely epiphytic; rhizomes creeping to erect, dictyostelic, scaly; fronds usually pinnate or simple to de- 

 compound, sometimes dimorphic; sori mostly dorsal, very rarely marginal or extramarginal, rounded, sometimes elongate, 

 rarely diffuse along veins or over the surface; indusia basal and opening around the margin, mosdy rounded to reniform, or 



elongate, or peltate, rarely absent; annulus longitudinal, interrupted by the pedicel. About 66 genera, with about 3,000 species, 



cosmopolitan. 



lA. Fronds strongly dimorphic. 

 2A. Blades pinnate. 



3A. Sori covering the entire lower surface of pinnae 9. Bolbitis 



3B. Sori enclosed by the revolute margin of the pinnules. 



4A. Veins free 1. Matteuccia 



4B. Veins anastomosing 2. Onoclea 



2B. Blades simple; sori naked, occupying the entire undersurface of blade 10. Elaphoglossum 



IB. Fronds alike or nearly so; sori on veins. 

 5A. Veins free or nearly so. 



6A. Sori elongate along the veins. 

 7A. Pinnae not jointed at base. 



8A. Fronds glabrous or sparsely soft pilose 18. Athyrlum 



8B. Fronds densely hispid 13. Lastrea 



7B. Pinnae jointed at base 14. Gymnocarpium 



6B. Sori round. 



9A. Indusia inferior below and surrounding sporangia, globose, opening above, symmetrical 3. Woodsia 



9B. Indusia superior (i.e. lateral to sporangia) or absent. 



lOA. Indusia reniform, attached on the sinus, or orbicular to ovate and basal. 



11 A. Indusia ovate to orbicular, basal 17. Cystopteris 



IIB. Indusia reniform, attached at a sinus, rarely absent. 



12A. Nodes of rachis enlarged 4. Acrophorus 



12B. Nodes of rachis not enlarged. 



