54 ASPIDIACEAE 



1. Hypodematium fauriei (Kodama) Tagawa. Dryop- on back. Aug.-Oct. Calcareous rocks; Honshu (Kanto 



teris fauriei Kodama; D. crenata sensu auct. Japon., non O. Distr. and Shinano Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. 



Kuntze; H. crenatum sensu auct. Japon., non Kuhn Kin- 2. Hypodematium glandulosopilosum (Tagawa) 



MO-WARABi. Rhizomes stout, short-creeping, the scales ascend- Ohwi. H. jauriei forma glandulosopilosum Tagawa Ke- 



ing, membranous, linear- to broadly lanceolate, 2.5-4 cm. long, kinmo-warabi. Closely related to the preceding; rhizomes 



3-4 mm. wide, long-acuminate, lustrous, enure; fronds decidu- densely clothed with brown membranous linear-lanceolate 



ous; stipes 7-30 cm. long, straw-colored, thickened and densely long-acuminate scales 1-1.5 cm. long; stipes straw-colored, 



scaly but not hairy at base, with very spare spreading eglandu- angled, slender, 10-15 cm. long, pilose and prominendy scaly 



lar hairs toward the top; blades herbaceous, ovate-deltoid, 10- toward base; blades gray-green, 7-20 cm. long, 6-13 cm. wide, 



40 cm. long, 8-30 cm. wide, usually acuminate and subobtuse acute to obtuse, with white, spreading eglandular and short- 



at the tip, 3- or 4-pinnate, vivid green, thinly pilose; pinnae to glandular hairs on rachis and underside of blades; pinnae nar- 



30 cm. long, about 15 cm. wide, petiolate, the lowest largest, rowly ovate, the lower ones prominendy petiolulate, usually 



dilated on posterior side at base; ultimate pinnules oblong- obtuse; ultimate pinnules obmse, numerous, slightly imbricate. 



ovate, 6-20 mm. long, obtuse, crenate or lobed to parted; veins July-Oct. Honshu (Chiigoku Distr.), Shikoku. 



scarcely impressed on upper side; sori 1-10 on each pinnule; Korea, 

 indusia cordate, sometimes oblique, about 1 mm. wide, setulose 



6. POLYSTICHUM Roth Inode Zoku 



Mostly terrestrial; rhizomes usually short, ascending to erect, usually with lacerate scales; stipes densely clustered, scaly; 

 blades anadromous, not dilated at base, pinnately compound; pinnules mosdy mucronate- to spine-toothed; scales usually filiform, 

 stellate-peltate at base; veins mostly free; sori dorsal, sometimes apparendy subterminal on the veins, orbicular; indusia peltate or 

 rarely absent. ^With more than 180 species, cosmopolitan. 



lA. Blades pinnate; pinnae strongly oblique, the lowest pair again pinnate in No. 4. 

 2A. Fronds firmly coriaceous; sori dorsal on veins. 



3A. Blades widest at base, often gemmate and producing a plantlet at tip of the much-prolonged rachis; pinnae 3-10 cm. long, 



subentire or undulate-toothed, with ovate to lanceolate ciliate scales beneath 1. P. lepidocaulon 



33. Blades narrowed at base, widest near the middle, not gemmate; pinnae 1.2-3 cm. long, often spine-toothed, with linear to linear- 

 lanceolate entire scales beneath 2. P. lonchitis 



2B. Fronds thinly coriaceous to herbaceous; sori terminal on veins. 



4A. Fronds suberect, 20-80 cm. long, not gemmate at tip; scales on rachis broadly lanceolate to ovate, erose-dentate; indusia about 1 

 mm. across, fugacious or soon shriveling. 

 5A. Blades uniformly once-pinnate, much longer than the stipes; pinnae thinly coriaceous, narrowly oblong, 1-3 cm. long, obtuse 



to abruptly acute, mucronate- to spine-toothed 3. P. deltodon 



5B. Blades bipinnate only at the base, as long as to slightly longer than the stipes; pinnae herbaceous, lanceolate, 2.5-5 cm. long, 



acuminate, coarsely awn-toothed or lobulate 4. P. tripteron 



4B. Fronds spreading, 5-23 cm. long, often gemmate at the tip of the much prolonged rachis; scales on rachis linear to filiform, entire; 



pinnae 1—1.5 cm. long, obtuse; indusia about 2 mm. across, persistent, inflated 5. P. craspedosorum 



IB. Blades pinnate to bipinnate; pinnae equilateral or nearly so. 

 6A. Blades not more than 2.5 cm. wide, usually simply pinnate. 



7A. Fronds scarcely tufted; blades 3-7 cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide 6. P. inaense 



7B. Fronds tufted; blades 8-20 cm. long, l.S-l.'i cm. wide 7. P. lachenense 



6B. Blades more than 3 cm. wide. 



8A. Blades firmly coriaceous, lustrous above. 



9A. Scales on rachis black-brown, chartaceous, lanceolate to broadly linear; blades as long as to slightly longer than the stipes, 

 not narrowed at base. 

 lOA. Scales on rachis and upper half of stipes lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm. wide, prominently ciliate; indusia impressed in the center. 



8. P. rigens 

 lOB. Scales on rachis and upper half of stipes linear-lanceolate to nearly filiform, less than 1 mm. wide, sparsely short-ciliate; 

 indusia flat. 

 11 A. Scales on rachis and upper half of stipes linear-lanceolate; fronds coarse; pinnules 8-15 mm. long, 5-8 mm. wide. 



9. P. mayebarae 

 IIB. Scales on rachis and upper half of stipes linear to nearly filiform; fronds slender; pinnules 7-15 mm. long, 3-7 mm. wide. 



10. P. tsussimense 

 9B. Scales on rachis brown, membranous, linear-filiform, often contorted; blades much longer than the stipes, slightly narrowed at 



base 1 1 . P. neolobatum 



8B. Blades herbaceous to herbaceous-coriaceous. 



12A. Fronds all alike, not gemmate; pinnules spine-toothed. 



13 A. Pinnules mostly not decurrent on the rachis, except those in very depauperate fronds, usually with finely appressed teeth. 

 14A. Blades not or only slighdy narrowed at base. 



15A. Some of the scales on lower part of stipes black or with a black center. 



16A. Teeth of pinnules ending in a spreading spine 12. P. doianum 



16B. Teeth of pinnules ending in an appressed spine. 



17A. Scales on lower portion of rachis ovate-oblong 13. P. kurokawae 



17B. Scales on lower portion of rachis lanceolate to linear -lanceolate. 



