ASPIDIACEAE 



55 



18A. Sori submarginal; blades dull H. p. pseudomakinoi 



18B. Sori median between the costule and the margin; blades lustrous above 15. P. ma\inoi 



15B. Scales neither black nor with a blackened center. 

 19A. Scales on rachis broadly ovate to oblong-lanceolate. 

 20A. Blades large, 40-100 cm. long, 15-30 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate; scales on rachis scarious on margin. 



16. P. retrorsopaleaceum 

 20B. Blades smaller, 25-40 cm. long, 6-10 cm. wide, gradually long-acuminate; scales on rachis scarcely scarious on 



margin 17. P. igaensc 



19B. Scales on rachis narrower, linear-lanceolate to filiform. 



21A. Sori median between the costule and the margin 18. P. polyblepharum 



2 IB. Sori nearer the margin than the costule 14. P. pseudomakinoi 



14B. Blades narrowed at base; scales pale brown 19_ p hraunii 



13B. Pinnules decurrent on the narrowly winged rachis, with coarse, spreading awn-tipped teeth 20. P. microchlamys 



12B. Fronds dimorphic, gemmate in upper axils; pinnules with depressed, not spinose teeth 21. P. eximium var. minus 



1. Polystichum lepidocaulon (Hook.) J. Smith. As. stout, erect to subascending, densely clothed with the basal 



pidiiim lepidocaulon Hook.; Dryopteris lepidocaulon (Hook.) stubs of old stipes; fronds tufted; stipes 5-12 cm. long straw- 



O. Kuntze; Cyrtomidictyum lepidocaulon (Hook.) Ching; colored, sparsely scaly, the scales membranous, pale brown, 



Nephrodiuin jaberi Bak. Orizuru-shida. Rhizomes lanceolate, 3-5 mm. long, often attenuate with a long taillike 



short, ascending; fronds gray-green, dull; stipes few, 10-40 tip, denticulate-ciliate; blades linear-lanceolate, 15-40 cm. long, 

 cm. long; scales dull brown, thinly chartaceous, scarious on 2.5-5 cm. wide, acuminate to elongate-acuminate, simply pin- 

 margin, the larger ones tardily deciduous, acuminate, spread- nate, the rachis straw-colored, thinly scaly; pinnae 15-30 pairs, 

 ing, elliptic to narrowly deltoid-ovate, subentire, the median firmly chartaceous, spreading, narrowly oblong to narrowly 

 scales on stipes and rachis appressed, broadly ovate, 3-4 mm. ovate-oblong, 1-3 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, glabrous above 

 long, acute, ciliate, the smaller ones membranous, densely cili- thinly scaly beneath, sessile, obtuse to abrupdy acute, mucro- 

 ate, orbicular, 1-2 mm. long, appressed, rarely prolonged and nate- to spine-toothed, awnlike at the tip, the anterior side 

 taillike at the tip; blades narrowly ovate, 15-40 cm. long, 6-15 nearly straight, truncate at base and auricled, narrowly cuneate 

 (-18) cm. wide, widest at base, often rooting and proliferous on posterior side at base; sori on apical and anterior side of 

 at the tip of the prolonged rachis, simply pinnate; pinnae 10- pinnae, much nearer the margin than the costa; indusia thin 

 20 on each side, spreading, lanceolate, 3-10 cm. long, 6-20 mm. orbicular, about 1 mm. across, erose. Calcareous rocks- 

 wide, acuminate, subentire to undulate-toothed, sessile, glabrate Honshu (Chijgoku Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. China 



above, with ovate to lanceolate ciliate scales beneath, auricled and Formosa (var.). 



on anterior side at base with a deltoid acute lobe or rarely a Polystichum formosanum Rosenst. P. obtusoauriculatum 



free segment; veinlets rarely somewhat anastomosing; sori in 2 Hayata Shima-nokociri-shida, Taiwan-nokogiri-shida. 



series on the pinnae, nearer the costa than the margin, or in 3 Differs from the preceding in the loosely disposed acute pin- 



or 4 somewhat irregular scries; indusia small, orbicular, fu- nae. Reported to occur in Kyushu (Yakushima). For- 



gacious. Thickets on hillsides; Honshu (s. Kanto Distr. mosa and Ryukyus. 



and Tokaido), Shikoku, Kyushu; locally common. s. 4. Polystichum tripteron (Kunze) Presl. Aspidium 



Korea, China, and Formosa. tripteron Kunze; Dryopteris triptera (Kunze) O. Kuntze; 



2. Polystichum lonchitis (L.) Roth. Polypodium Ion- Ptilopteris triptera (Kuntze) Hayata Jumonji-shida. Rhi- 



chitis L.; Aspidium lonchitis (L.) Sw.; Polystichum lonchitis zomes erect to ascending, clothed with the basal stubs of old 



var. japonicum Nakai & H. Ito. Hiiragi-shida, Kumoi-ka- stipes; fronds tufted; stipes erect, 10-40 cm. long, pale green 



GUMA. Rhizomes stout, erect, 2-4 cm. across; fronds tufted; brownish at base, loosely scaly, the scales membranous, brown, 



stipes 4-6 cm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide, erect, lustrous, dark entire, long-filiform at the dp, the larger ones broadly lanceo- 



brown and densely scaly especially at base, chestnut-brown late to oblong, 7-15 mm. long, evanescent on upper part of 



above, the scales membranous, lanceolate to ovate, 1-1.3 cm. stipe, persistent at base, smaller ones ovate, 3-5 mm. long; 



long, erose-ciliolate; blades linear-oblanceolate, 15-30 cm. long, blades simply pinnate in upper part, lanceolate, 20-45 cm. 



2.5-5 cm. wide, acuminate, gradually narrowed at base, simply long, 5-10 cm. wide, acuminate, the rachis pale green, sparsely 



pinnate; pinnae 30-50 pairs, firmly coriaceous, spreading, often scaly, bipinnate in the lowest pinnae; pinnae 20-35 on each 



spine-toothed, firmly spine-tipped, glabrous on upper side, with side, herbaceous, lanceolate, 2.5-5 cm. long, 5-12 mm. wide, 



linear-lanceolate to linear, hyaline, entire scales beneath, ses- often falcate toward the acuminate rip or straight, strongly 



sile, auriculate-truncate on anterior side, cuneate on posterior oblique on anterior side at base, ascending-toothed, ending in 



side at base, the lower pinnae deltoid, 5-10 mm. long, the a soft slender awnlike tip, sometimes lobulate, glabrous above, 



median oblong-ovate to broadly lanceolate, 12-27 mm. long, with scattered thin scales beneath; pinnules 8-15 pairs, smaller 



5-8 mm. wide; sori in 2 series on the pinnae, between the than the pinnae; sori in 2(^) series on the pinnules, between 



costule and margin; indusia concealed among the sporangia. the costule and the margin or slightly nearer the costule; in- 



(Description based upon European specimens.) Alpine dusia membranous, orbicular, erose. Woods in mountains; 



slopes; Honshu (Mount Kitadake in Kai Prov.); very rare. Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. s. Kuriles, 



Sakhalin, n. Kuriles, Kamchatka, Himalayas to Europe, and Korea, China to e. Siberia. 



N. America. 5. Polystichum craspedosorum (Ma.\im.) Diels. As- 



3. Polystichum deltodon (Bak.) Diels. Aspidium del- pidium craspedosorum Maxim.; A. craspedosorum var. japoni- 

 todon Bak.; A. auriculatum \'ar. submarginale Bak.; P. delta- cum Maxim, and var. mandschuricum Maxim.; Ptilopteris 



don var. submarginale (Bak.) C. Chr.; .4. tosaense Makino; P. craspedosora (Maxim.) Hayata Tsuru-denda. Rhizomes 



tosaense (Makino) Makino Tachi-denda. Rhizomes short; stipes few, spreading, short, 0.5-5 cm. long, densely 



