General Key to Families 17 



161A. Leaves alternate, usually stipulate; petals usually 5; fruit a pome Fam. 104. Rosaceae, 517 



161B. Leaves opposite, without stipules. 



162A. Fruit a dehiscent, many-seeded capsule Fam. 101. Saxifragaceae, 498 



162B. Fruit indehiscent. 



I63A. Anthers "f-locular; fruit 1-seeded, germinating in situ and the hypocotyl much elongate while still attached 



to the branch; leaves without pellucid glands Fam. 145. Rhizophoraceae, 651 



163B. Anthers 2-locular; fruit more than 1-seeded, never germinating within the attached fruit; leaves with pel- 

 lucid glands Fam. 147. Myrtaceae, 652 



159B. Stamens twice as many as the petals or fewer. 

 164A. Styles 2 or more. 



I65A. Seeds many; ovary superior, free or partly adnate to the calyx tube Fam. 101. Saxifragaceae, 498 



I65B. Seeds 1 or 2 in each locule; ovary inferior. 



1 66A. Leaves opposite; herbs Fam. 150. Haloragaceae, 659 



166B. Leaves alternate. 



167A. Herbs; petioles usually expanded or sheathing at base; fruit a schizocarp composed of two indehiscent 



mericarps Fam. 154. Umbelliferae, 667 



167B. Woody plants, rarely herbs; petioles not expanding or sheathing at base; fruit a capsule or berry, not di- 

 vided into mericarps. 



168A. Leaves simple; fruit a 2-locular capsule Fara. 103. Hamamelidaceae, 516 



168B. Leaves lobed or compound; fruit a drupe or berry Fam. 153. Araliaceae, 661 



164B. Style 1. 



169 A. Anthers opening by terminal pores; seeds many. 



170A. Leaves 3- to 7-nerved Fam. 148. Melastomataceae, 652 



170B. Leaves with only the midrib prominent Fam. 159. Ericaceae, 693 



169B. Anthers longitudinally dehiscent; seeds 1 to few. 



171A. Trees or woody shrubs, rarely herbaceous; fruit a drupe or berry. 

 172A. Leaves simple. 



173 A. Filaments free or slightly united at base. 



174A. Petals 4 Fam. 155. Cornaceae, 686 



I74B. Petals 6-7 Fam. 146. Alangiaceae, 651 



173B. Filaments united below into a tube Fam. 165. Styracaceae, 727 



172B. Leaves compound Fam. 153. Araliaceae, 661 



171B. Herbs or suffrutescent undershrubs; fruit a capsule Fam. 149. Onagraceae, 654 



74B. Petals more or less united. 

 175 A. Ovary superior. 



176A. Carpels 2, separate; plants commonly with milky juice. 



177A. Filaments free, pollen not united into masses; style and stigma 1 Fam. 169. Apocynaceae, 743 



177B. Filaments united, pollen united into a mass (poUinia); styles 2, stigmas lobed Fam. 170. Asclepiadaceac, 744 



176B. Carpel 1, or, when more than 1, united into a compound ovary. 

 178A. Stamens exceeding the number of corolla-lobes. 

 179A. Ovary 1-locular. 



I80A. Leaves compound, the keel often basally connate Fam. 105. Leguminosae, 551 



180B. Leaves simple; corolla gamopetalous Fam. 165. Styracaceae, 727 



179B. Ovary 2- to many-locular. 



181A. Styles 2 to many, sometimes apically branched. 

 182A. Filaments more or less united; flowers bisexual. 



183 A. Stipules present, herbs or shrubs Fam. 133. Malvaceae, 623 



183B. Stipules absent; trees or shrubs Fam. 136. Theaceae, 627 



182B. Filaments distinct; flowers unisexual Fam. 163. Ebenaceac, 724 



18 IB. Style simple or shallowly lobed at apex. 



184A. Flowers zygomorphic; ovary 2-locular and 2-ovuled Fam. 113. Polygalaccae, 585 



I84B. Flowers actinomorphic. 



185A. Stamens more or less united; anthers longitudinally dehiscent. 



186A. Stamens twice as many as the corolla-lobes Fam. 165. Styracaceae, 727 



186B. Stamens more than twice as many as the corolla-lobes, hypogynous Fam. 136. Theaceae, 627 



185B. Stamens free to the base; anthers opening by pores or transversely or very rarely longitudinally dehiscent. 

 187A. Ovary 3-locular; style shallowly 3-lobed at apex; sepals free to the base; anthers inverted in bud. 



Fam. 157. Clethraceae, 690 

 187B. Ovary 4- to 7-locular; style usually unlobed; sepals usually connate at the base. 



188A. Plants woody Fam. 159. Ericaceae, 693 



188B. Plants herbaceous Fam. 158. Pyrolaceae, 690 



178B. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes or fewer. 



189A. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes and opposite them; ovary l-locular. 



190A. Styles 5; ovary I-ovuled; fruit a utricle often inclosed within the calyx Fam. 162. Plumbaginaccae, 723 



190B. Style 1; ovary more than 1-ovuled but the fruit may be only 1-seeded; fruit a capsule or drupe, not a utricle; 

 ovules on a free-central placenta. 



191A. Herbaceous; fruit a capsule; ovules numerous Fam. 161. Primulaccae, 715 



191B. Woody-stemmed shrubs, or suffrutescent undershrubs; fruit a drupe; ovules numerous, and the ovary semi- 

 inferior (Macsa), or ovules few and the ovary superior Fam. 160. Myrsinaccae, 712 



