General Key to Families 15 



lOOB. Flowers variable, not as above. 

 101 A. Stamens perigj'nous. 



102A. Stipules usually prominent; carpels one to many Fam. 104. Rosaceae, 517 



102B. Stipules usually absent; carpels frequently fewer than the sepals Fam. 101. Saxifragaccac, 498 



lOlB. Stamens hypogynous. 



103A. Trees with pinnate leaves Fam. 111. Simaroubaccac, 585 



103B. Shrubs or woody climbers; leaves never pinnate. 



104A. Leaves palmately or ternately compound Fam. 91. Lardizabalaceac, 461 



104B. Leaves simple. 

 105 A. Leaves alternate. 



106A. Stipules none; flowers usually greenish, small, rarely solitary, unisexual. 



Fam. 93. Menispermaceae, 465 

 106B. Stipules large, deciduous leaving distinctive scars; flowers usually white or colored, large, 



solitary, perfect Fam. 94. Magnoliaccae, 467 



105B. Leaves opposite Fam. 118. Coriariaccae, 596 



98B. Carpel 1, or if more than 1, these united into a compound ovary. 

 107A. Styles 2-5. 



108 A. Leaves opposite or verticillate. 



109A. Sepals 2; plants rather fleshy Fam. 83. Portulacaceae, 422 



109B. Sepals 3-5. 



1 1 OA. Herbs with entire leaves. 



lUA. Flowers 3-merous; plants small, flaccid, with stipules, growing in mud or in water. 



Fam. 138. Elatinaceae, 633 

 lllB. Flowers 4- or 5-merous; stipules commonly absent. 



112A. Leaves mostly with pellucid resinous glands; stamens frequently numerous and clustered into 



fascicles of 3 to 5 Fam. 137. Guttiferae, 630 



1 12B. Leaves without resinous glands; stamens twice as many as the petals or fewer. 



Fam. 84. Caryophyllaceae, 422 

 HOB. Herbs or woody plants with serrate leaves. 



113A. Leaves simple Fam. 101. Saxifragaceae, 498 



1 133. Leaves pinnate or ternate-pinnatc Fam. 122. Staphyleaceae, 605 



108B. Leaves cauline and alternate or basal. 



1 14A. Sepals 2; leaves pinnately parted Fam. 96. Papaveraceae, 474 



114B. Sepals 3-5. 



115A. Sepals 3; much-branched procumbent alpine shrubs; leaves evergreen, linear, small and densely 



arranged on branchlets Fam. 117. Empetraceae, 595 



115B. Sepals 4-5. 



116A. Trees or shrubs. 



1 17A. Leaves compound Fam. 119. Anacardiaceae, 596 



117B. Leaves simple Fam. 103. Hamamelidaceae, 516 



11 6B. Herbs. 



118A. Leaves trifoliolate Fam. 107. Oxalidaccae, 580 



11 8B. Leaves simple. 



1 19A. Leaves entire, linear to lanceolate Fam. 108. Linaccae, 580 



1 19B. Leaves ovate to cordate-orbicular. 



120A. Leaves chiefly cauline, with stellate hairs Fam. 134. Sterculiaceae, 625 



120B. Leaves chiefly basal, without stellate hairs Fam. 101. Saxifragaceae, 498 



107B. Style 1. 



] 2 1 A. Ovary 2 - to 5 -locular. 



122A. Flowers distinctly zygomorphic. 



123A. Trees; leaves opposite, palmately compound Fam. 125. Hippocastanaceae, 611 



123B. Herbs; leaves alternate, simple. 



124A. Flowers spurred; ovary 5-locular, the ovules numerous; valves of capsule coiling and ejecting the 



seeds elastically in dehiscence Fam. 128. Balsaminaccae, 613 



124B. Flowers not spurred; ovary 2-locular, each containing 1 ovule; capsules much flattened, the seeds 



arillate Fam. 113. Polygalaccae, 585 



122B. Flowers actinomorphic. 



125A. Leaves with pellucid oil-glands Fam. 110. Rutaceae, 581 



125B. Leaves without pellucid oil-glands. 



126A. Climbing shrubs with tendrils Fam. 130. Vitaceae, 618 



126B. Plants without tendrils. 

 127A. Plants herbaceous. 



128A. Petals 4; stamens 6, didynamous; fruit a silicle or silique Fam. 98. Cruciferae, 479 



128B. Petals more than 4; stamens as many as the petals or more numerous; fruit various, not as 

 above. 



129A. Plants saprophytic, without chlorophyll Fam. 158. Pyrolaccae, 690 



129B. Plants not saprophytic. 



130A. Fruits spiny Fam. 109. Zygophyllaceae (Jribulus), 581 



130B. Fruits not spiny. 



