14 General Key to Families 



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69B. Sepals deciduous, free Fam. 90. Ranunculaceae, 439 



63B. Styles or stigmas more than 1. 



70A. Sepals 2; stamens numerous Fam. 96. Papaveraceae, 474 



70B. Sepals 4 or 3, at least in staminate flowers; stamens few. 



71 A. Fruit an achene Fam. 68. Moraceae (Humulus), 385 



7 IB. Fruit a capsule or utricule. 



72 A. Leaves opposite; nodes thickened; stamens usually twice as many as the sepals; seeds many, 



placentation free-central Fam. 84. Caryophyllaceae, 422 



72B. Leaves mosdy alternate; nodes not thickened; stamens commonly as many as the sepals; seeds 

 1 or few. 



73A. Sepals scarious; stamens united at base; flowers bracteate Fam. 80. Amaranthaceae, 417 



73B. Sepals herbaceous; stamens usually free; flowers not bracteate. . . Fam. 79. Chenopodiaceae, 413 

 IB. Corolla of distinct or united petals, or calyx petallike and provided with a whorl of external sepallike bracts. 

 74A. Petals distinct or sepals petallike and provided with a whorl of external sepallike bracts. 



75A. Aquatic herbs; leaves peltate or cordate Fam. 85. Nymphaeaceae, 435 



75B. Terrestrial, rarely aquatic herbs, the leaves not peltate or cordate. 

 76A. Ovary superior; perianth hypogynous (perigynous in Rosaceae). 

 77A. Stamens more than twice as many as the petals. 

 78A. Carpels more than 1, free or nearly so. 



79A. Filaments united into a tube; indument often lepidote or stellate Fam. 133. Malvaceae, 623 



79B. Filaments free; indument usually simple. 



80A. Stamens perigynous; sepals persistent Fam. 104. Rosaceae, 517 



SOB. Stamens hypogynous; sepals deciduous. 



81A. Herbs Fam. 90. Ranunculaceae, 439 



81B. Trees, shrubs, or woody climbers Fam. 94. Magnoliaceae, 467 



78B. Carpel 1, or, if more, then united into a compound ovary. 

 82 A. Sepals 2 or 3. 



83A. Sepals petallike, colored; fruit an achene Fam. 90. Ranunculaceae, 439 



83B. Sepals not petallike, green; fruit a capsule. 



84A. Sepals caducous; leaves thin, serrate, lobed or compound Fam. 96. Papaveraceae, 474 



84B. Sepals persistent; leaves rather fleshy, simple and entire Fam. 83. Portulacaceae, 422 



82B. Sepals 4 or 5, or more. 

 85A. Leaves opposite. 



86A. Plants not characteristic of mangroves or tidal flats; fruit a many-seeded capsule; leaves deciduous. 



87A. Stamens free, attached to the calyx-tube, frequently dimorphic or trimorphic; petals, if present, inserted 



on die rim of the calyx-tube Fam. 144. Lythraceae, 648 



87B. Stamens usually many, often clustered in fascicles of 3 to 5, inserted on the receptacle; petals inserted on 



the receptacle Fam. 137. Guttiferae, 630 



86B. Plants of mangroves or tidal flats; fruit usually 1-seeded, usually viviparous; leaves persistent, evergreen. 



Fam. 145. Rhizophoraceae, 651 

 85B. Leaves alternate. 



88A. Flowers zygomorphic; fruit a legume; leaves frequently compound Fam. 105. Leguminosae, 551 



88B. Flowers actinomorphic. 



89A. Filaments united into a tube, or partly so. 



90A. Plants with pellucid oil-glands in all parts Fam. 110. Rutaceae, 581 



90B. Plants without oil-glands. 



91A. Sepals valvate in bud Fam. 133. Malvaceae, 623 



91B. Sepals imbricate in bud Fam. 136. Theaceae, 627 



89B. Filaments free to the base. 



92A. Calyx persistent Fam. 104. Rosaceae, 517 



92B. Calyx deciduous. 



93A. Ovary prominently stipitate Fam. 97. Capparidaceae, 479 



93B. Ovary sessile, not stipitate. 



94A. Woody climbers with alternate leaves Fam. 135. Actinidiaceae, 626 



94B. Plants not climbing. 

 95A. Sepals valvate. 



96A. Petals entire, imbricate or convolute in bud; anthers longitudinally dehiscent. 



Fam. 132. Tiliaceae, 621 

 96B. Petals frequently laciniate or dentate; anthers opening by pores. . . Fam. 131. Elaeocarpaceae, 620 



95B. Sepals imbricate Fam. 136. Theaceae, 627 



77B. Stamens twice as many as the petals or fewer. 



97A. Insectivorous plants usually growing in moist places, or in water, with gland-tipped hairs on the leaves. 



Fam. 99. Droseraceae, 492 

 97B. Plants not insectivorous. 



98A. Carpels more than 1, separate or nearly so. 



99A. Plants with pellucid oil-glands in all parts Fam. 110. Rutaceae, 581 



99B. Plants without pellucid oil-glands. 



lOOA. Flowers 4- or 5-merous; stamens equaling or twice the number of the perianth lobes; plants more or less 



fleshy; carpels subtended by an hypogynous scalelike nectariferous gland Fam. 100. Crassulaceae, 100 



