ASPIDIACEAE 



57 



the largest rather sparse, chestnut-brown, spreading, narrowly 

 ovate, 10-12 mm. long, abruptly acuminate, lustrous, sparsely 

 ciliolate, subentire, often very narrowly hyaline-margined, 

 scales of intermediate size very sparse, linear-lanceolate, 12-15 

 mm. long, long-filiform at the tip, the smallest ones very nu- 

 merous and dense, membranous, hairlike, pale rufous-brown, 

 2-4 mm. long, cihate at base, deflexed to spreading; blades 

 thick-herbaceous, narrowly oblong-ovate, 40-45 cm. long, 12- 

 15 cm. wide, acuminate; scales on rachis dense, hairlike, mixed 

 with larger, linear-lanceolate darker ones on lower half; pinnae 

 sessile, 15-17 mm. wide; pinnules spreading, oblong-ovate, 5- 

 10 mm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, acute with a short spine at the 

 tip, auricled at base on anterior side, with hairlike scales be- 

 neadi, spine-toothed; sori in 2 series on the pinnules, erose- 



fimbriate, 0.2-0.5 mm. across. Kyushu (Sakurajima in 



Satsuma Prov.) ; rare. 



13. Polystichum kurokawae Tagawa. Akame-inode. 

 Stipes 25-30 cm. long, rather stout, with 3 kinds of scales, the 

 lower and basal broadly lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 1.5-2 cm. 

 long, 4-7 mm. wide, acuminate, ciliate, the upper ones mem- 

 branous, narrowly ovate, 8-15 mm. long, abruptly acuminate, 

 ciliate, the smallest scales uniformly distributed over the stipe, 

 broadly lanceolate, 3-6 mm. long, long-acuminate, ciliate; 

 blades broadly lanceolate to oblong-ovate, 40-80 cm. long, 20- 

 25 cm. wide, slightly narrowed at base, the scales on rachis 

 spreading, lustrous, pale red-brown to dull brown, the larger 

 ones narrowly ovate, 5-8 mm. long, ciliate, the smaller ones 

 linear to linear-lanceolate, 3-5 mm. long; pinnae 18-28 mm. 

 wide; pinnules firmly herbaceous, oblique, oblong-ovate to 

 ovate, auricled on anterior side, obtuse to subacute, spine- 

 tipped, spine-toothed on margin, filiform-scaly beneath, 

 sparsely so above; sori nearly median, in 2 series on the pin- 

 nules: indusia flat, about 0.7 mm. across. Honshu (Kanto 



Distr. through Tokaido to Kinki Distr.). 



14. Polystichum pseudomakinoi Tagawa. Saikoku- 

 INODE. Fronds tufted; stipes 20-40 cm. long, pale straw- 

 colored, densely scaly; scales membranous, the largest pale 

 brown or pale red-brown, lustrous, lanceolate, 6-8 mm. long, 

 1.5-3 mm. wide, gradually acuminate, long-ciliate, the smallest 

 ones filiform, 2-5 mm. long, entire at the tip, broadened and 

 long-ciliate at base, the lower and basal scales deep chestnut- 

 brown in the center, pale brown on margin, oblong-ovate to 

 broadly lanceolate, 7-12 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, abruptly 

 acuminate, sparsely ciliate to subentire; blades oblong-ovate to 

 broadly lanceolate, 30-50 cm. long, 10-20 cm. wide, the scales 

 on rachis dense, spreading to slighdy deflexed, lanceolate to 

 broadly linear, 2-3 mm. long, long-attenuate, long-ciliate; pin- 

 nules firmly herbaceous, oblique, oblong- to ellipdc-ovate, 8-15 

 mm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, spine-toothed, with hairlike scales 

 scattered on upper side, prominent on under side; sori submar- 

 ginal; indusia flat, 0.7-1 mm. across, with a small dark center. 



Woods in mountains; Honshu (Kanto Distr. through 



Tokaido to Kinki and Chugoku Distr.), Shikoku. China. 



Var. ambiguum Tagawa. Inode-modoki. Scales concolor- 



ous, those on the rachis densely fimbriate-dentate. Honshu 



(Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



15. Polystichum makinoi (Tagawa) Tagawa. P. acu- 

 leattim var. nigropaleacetim Makino, non Christ; P. aculeatum 



var. ma\inoi Tagawa Kata-inode. Fronds tufted; stipes 



20-40 cm. long, straw-colored, with 3 kinds of scales, the lower 

 and basal rather firm and lustrous, chestnut-brown, with a 

 pale brown membranous margin, lanceolate to broadly so, 7-12 



mm. long, 2-3.5 mm. wide, sparsely ciliate to subentire, the 

 upper ones membranous, brown, concolorous, ciliate, the small- 

 est ones dense over the whole stipe, brown, spreading to de- 

 flexed, 2-7 mm. long; blades 30-60 cm. long, 10-20 cm. wide, 

 the scales on rachis dense, spreading to deflexed, lanceolate to 

 filiform, ciliate in lower half or at base; pinnae acute to acumi- 

 nate; pinnules coriaceous-herbaceous, obliquely ovate, obtuse 

 to subacute, 7-15 mm. long, 3-6 mm. wide, short spine-tipped, 

 appressed spine-toothed, with fibrouslike scales beneath; sori 



in 2 series on the pinnules; indu.sia about 0.7 mm. across. 



Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



16. Polystichum retrorsopaleaceum (Kodama) Ta- 

 gawa. P. aculeatum var. retrorsopaleaceum Kodama Sa- 



kage-inode. Rhizomes stout, short; fronds tufted; stipes 20- 

 40 cm. long, densely scaly, the scales membranous, pale brown, 

 lustrous, ciliate, the largest spreading, ovate, 8-20 mm. long, 

 5-10 mm. wide, abruptly contracted and short-tailed at tip, 

 more dense toward the base, the median scales numerous, ap- 

 pressed to spreading, orbicular-ovate to ovate, 2-6 mm. long, 

 rounded to obtuse, short-tailed at the rip, the smallest ones 

 orbicular to ovate, 1-2 mm. long, appressed, without or with a 

 filiform apical tail much longer than the lower broadened 

 portion of scale; blades 40-100 cm. long, 15-30 cm. wide, ab- 

 ruptly acuminate, slightly narrowed at base, the scales on ra- 

 chis beneath orbicular-ovate to ovate, 2-4 mm. long, retrorsely 

 appressed, scarious on margin, with hairlike spreading to 

 deflexed scales 2-3 mm. long especially on upper side; pinnules 

 herbaceous, oblique, ovate to ovate-oblong, obtuse, short spine- 

 tipped, with an obtuse to subacute auricle on anterior side, the 

 teeth ascending to appressed, spine-tipped, the scales hairlike, 

 very sparse and tardily deciduous on upper side, rather promi- 

 nent on under side; sori in 2 series on the pinnules of upper 



half of blade; indusia impressed. Woods in mountains; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku. 



Var. ovatopaleaceum (Kodama) Tagawa. P. aculeatum 

 var. ovatopaleaceum Kodama Tsuyanashi-inode. Small- 

 est scales on the stipe usually lanceolate, 2-4 mm. long, spread- 

 ing to deflexed, gradually narrowed to a rather short tail at 

 tip, scales on the under side of rachis antrorsely spreading to 



ascending; pinnae more densely scaly, appressed-toothed. 



Woods; Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. coraiense (Christ) Tagawa. P. aculeatum var. corai- 



ense Christ Iwashiro-inode. Differs from the preceding 



variety in the narrower and gradually acuminate scales on die 

 underside of rachis. Honshu; rare. Korea. 



17. Polystichum igaense Tagawa. Chabo-inode. 

 Rhizomes short, erect; stipes crowded, 5-15 cm. long, very 

 densely scaly, the scales on upper part firmly membranous, 

 brown, concolorous, spreading, broadly lanceolate to nearly 

 linear, 4-8 mm. long, gradually filiform at tip, contorted, short- 

 ciliate, unequal, the lower scales ovate to narrowly so, 6-10 

 mm. long, short-acuminate; blades lanceolate, 25-40 cm. long, 

 6-10 cm. wide, gradually long-acuminate, slightly narrowed at 

 base, bipinnate, the rachis densely scaly; pinnae approximate, 

 oblong-lanceolate, acute, often abruptiy so, sessile; pinnules 

 firmly herbaceous, obliquely ovate or rhombic-ovate, 5-10 mm. 

 long, .3-5 mm. wide, obtuse, short spine-tipped, sessile, spine- 

 toothed, with a short depressed-deltoid auricle on anterior 

 side, deep green and nearly glabrous on upper side, paler and 

 with hairlike scales beneath; sori submarginal, on upper 2/3 of 



the blade; indusia orbicular, about 0.7 mm. across, entire. 



Honshu (Kanto to Kinki Distr.) ; rare. 



