58 



ASPIDIACEAE 



18. Polystichum polyblepharum (Roem.) Presl. As- 

 pidium polyblepharum Roem. ex Kunze; Aspidium aculeatum 

 var. japonicum Fr. & Sav.; P. aculeatum var. japonicum (Fr. 



& Sav.) Christ; P. japonicum (Fr. & Sav.) Diels Inode. 



Rhizomes ascending to erect, densely clothed with basal smbs 

 of old stipes; fronds tufted; stipes 20-30 cm. long, stout, straw- 

 colored, densely scaly, the scales membranous, brown, con- 

 colorous, lustrous, dentate-ciliate, the largest narrowly to 

 broadly lanceolate, 10-25 mm. long, gradually acuminate, 

 spreading to deflexed, the basal ones broader, rather abrupdy 

 contracted at the tip, the smallest ones linear-lanceolate, 7-15 

 mm. long, ciliate in lower half, gradually attenuate forming 

 a contorted filiform tip; blades narrowly oblong-ovate, 30-80 

 cm. long, 15-25 cm. wide, short-acuminate, slighdy narrowed 

 at base, deep green and slighdy lustrous on upper side, the 

 scales on rachis dense, deflexed, narrowly lanceolate to broadly 

 linear, filiform at the tip; pinnae 15-25 mm. wide; pinnules 

 firmly herbaceous, oblique, oblong-ovate, 8-15 mm. long, 4-6 

 mm. wide, obtuse to acute, spine-tipped, appressed spine- 

 toothed, glabrate on upper side, with fibrouslike scales be- 

 neath; sori median between the costule and the margin. 



Woods; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. s. Korea. 



Var. fibrillosopaleaceum (Kodama) Tagawa. P. aculea- 

 tum. var. fibrillosopaleaceum Kodama; P. fibrillosopaleaceum 



(Kodama) Tagawa Asuka-inode. Larger scales on 



stipes linear-lanceolate, entire to sparsely spinulose-ciliolate, 

 gradually narrowed at tip, usually contorted, the scales on 

 rachis linear to filiform. Honshu, Shikoku. 



19. Polystichum braunii (Spenner) Fee. Aspidium 



braunii Spenner; Dryopteris braunii (Spenner) Underw. 



Hoso-iNODE. Rhizomes short, erect, fronds tufted; stipes 5- 

 25 cm. long, densely scaly, the scales membranous, pale brown, 

 lustrous, spreading, the larger ones ovate to lanceolate, 8-15 

 irrni. long, 2-7 mm. wide, abruptly to gradually acuminate, 

 subentire, the smaller ones broadly linear to filiform, 2-4 mm. 

 long, sparsely ciliate; blades broadly lanceolate to narrowly 

 ovate, 25-60 cm. long, 7-22 cm. wide, narrowed at base, the 

 scales on rachis spreading to reflexed, lanceolate to linear, often 

 ciliate at base; pinnae lanceolate, acute to short-acuminate, the 

 lower ones shorter, often slightly deflexed, acute to obtuse; 

 pinnules thickly herbaceous, approximate, obliquely deltoid- 

 ovate to elliptic, 6-15 mm. long, 3-7 mm. wide, with hairlike 

 scales on upper side, with hairlike dilated scales on under side, 

 coarsely spine-toothed; sori in 2 series on pinnules on upper 

 half of blade, nearer the costule than the margin; indusia flat, 

 0.3-0.5 mm. wide. Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. 



distr.). Korea, Manchuria, China, Kuriles, Sakhalin, Kam- 

 chatka and Siberia to Europe, and N. America. 



20. Polystichum microchlamys (Christ) Kodama. As- 

 pidium microchlamys Christ; P. braunii var. \amtschaticum 



C. Chr. & Hult. Karakusa-inode. Fronds large, often 1 



m. long or more; stipes stout, straw-colored, 20-30 cm. long, 

 densely scaly; scales membranous, spreading, pale- to red- 

 brown, lustrous, entire, the largest narrowly ovate, 18-25 mm. 

 long, 4-8 mm. wide, abruptly acuminate, the intermediate ones 

 lanceolate, 10-20 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, gradually acumi- 

 nate, the smallest ones linear to filiform, 3-8 mm. long, slightly 

 dilated at base, contorted; blades 50-100 cm. long, 12-25 cm. 

 wide, scarcely distinctly narrowed at base, the scales on 

 rachis pale brown, filiform to broadly linear, 3-6 mm. long, 

 sometimes mixed with lanceolate scales on lower portion; pin- 

 nae 1.5-3.5 cm. wide; pinnules narrowly ovate, acute, short 

 awn-tipped, somewhat decurrent on the narrowly winged axis, 

 coarsely awn-toothed, with pale brown hairlike scales on both 

 sides; sori usually in 2 series on pinnules on upper half of 

 blade, slighdy nearer die costule than the margin; indusia 

 small, membranous, about 0.7 mm. across, erose. Conifer- 

 ous woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. 

 distr.) . Kamchatka. 



21. Polystichum eximium (Mett.) C. Chr. var. minus 

 Tagawa. P. gemmijerum Tagawa Komochi-inode. Rhi- 

 zomes densely clothed with basal stubs of old stipes; stipes 22- 

 25 cm. long, straw-colored, densely scaly, the larger scales 

 ovate-oblong, lustrous, dark chestnut-brown, ovate-oblong, 8- 

 10 mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, acuminate, irregularly ciliate- 

 fimbriate on a brown scarious margin, the smaller ones linear- 

 subulate or filiform, ferrugineous, ciliate; blades dimorphic, 

 lanceolate, acuminate, bipinnate in the lower portion, slighdy 

 narrowed at base, the sterile ones longer and wider, often 40 

 cm. long or more, about 25 cm. wide, the fertile about 15 cm. 

 wide, gemmate in upper axils, the scales on rachis ferrugine- 

 ous, filiform, ciliate, contorted; pinnae subsessile, the sterile 

 ones broadly lanceolate, to 13 cm. long, 3-3.5 cm. wide, acumi- 

 nate, the fertile narrowly lanceolate, 1.5-1.8 cm. wide, acute; 

 sterile pinnules herbaceous-coriaceous, ovate-oblong, to 2 cm. 

 long, 8 mm. wide, obtase, oblique, glabrous on upper side, 

 with scattered filiform ciliate scales on lower side, depressed- 

 toothed; fertile pinnules smaller, entire to crenate; sori in 2 



series on the pinnules; indusia entire, about 1 mm. across. 



Kyushu (Yakushima) ; rare. ^The typical phase occurs in 



Formosa, China to India. 



Polystichum kiusiuense Tagawa, Kyushu-inode, may be- 

 long here. Reported from Kyushu (s. distr.). 



7. CYRTOMIUM Presl Yabu-sotetsu Zoku 



Terrestrial; rhizomes short, ascending to erect, densely scaly; fronds simply pinnate with a terminal pinna or pinnadfid at 

 tip, the pinnae mostly acuminate, usually falcate, commonly auriculate on the anterior side, entire to toothed, the veins 

 anastomosing to form areoles, or nearly free; sori dorsal, or sometimes terminal on the veins; indusia peltate, persistent or cadu- 

 cous. About 20 species, Hawaii, e. Asia to S. Africa, Central and S. America. 



lA. Terminal pinna distinct, entire to 3-cle£t; areoles in several rows, with 1-3 free veinlets in each areole. 



2 A. Pinnae coriaceous, entire near apex 1 . C. jalcatum 



2B. Pinnae chartaceous, toothed near apex. 



3A. Pinnae 12-26 pairs, the terminal smaller than the lateral; stipes densely scaly throughout 2. C. fortunei 



3B. Pinnae usually 2-8, rarely to 10 pairs, the terminal larger than to as large as the lateral; stipes densely scaly on lower half. 



4A. Pinnae finely and regularly spine-toothed, with an acute auricle on anterior side, or sometimes on both sides; indusium laciniate- 

 fimbriate 3. C. caryotideum 



