ASPIDIACEAE 



59 



4B. Pinnae subcntire or irregularly mucronate-toothed, slightly unequal, without an auricle; indusium nearly entire. 



4. C. macrophyllum 

 IB. Terminal pinna pinnately lobed to cleft; areoles of veins in 1 to 2 rows, with a single, rarely paired, free veinlet in each arcole. 



5A. Pinnae broadly falcate-lanceolate, auriculate on the anterior side 5. C. vittatum 



5B. Pinnae linear-lanceolate, not aurided 6. C. tachiroanum 



1. Cyrtotnium falcatum (L. f.) Presl. Polypodium jal- 

 catiim L. f.; Aspidium jalcatum (L. f.) Sw.; Phanerophkbia 

 jalcata (L. f.) Copel.; Polystichum falcatum (L. f.) Diels; Po/y- 



podium japonictim Houtt. Oni-yabu-sotetsu. Rhizomes 



stout, short; stipes tufted, 15-40 cm. long, the scales very dense 

 on lower part, ovate to broadly lanceolate or linear, 1-1. 5 (-2) 

 cm. long, abrupdy acuminate, dark brown; blades firmly 

 coriaceous, 20-60 cm. long, 10-25 cm. wide, lustrous, dark 

 green; pinnae 3-11 pairs, ovate to narrowly oblong-ovate, 7-13 

 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm. wide, abrupdy narrowed to a broad tail at 

 tip, rounded to broadly cuneate at base, oblique, falcate, short- 

 petiolulate, nearly entire near apex, sinuate-toothed at base, 

 with rufous woolly-scales beneath while very young; sori uni- 

 formly covering undersurface; indusia orbicular, nearly entire. 



Rocks near seashores, rarely on inland hills; Hokkaido (s. 



distr.), Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. s. Korea, 



Ryukyus, Formosa, China, Malaysia, India to e. and S. Africa, 

 and Hawaii. 



Var. devexiscapulae (Koidz.) Tagawa. Polystichum de- 

 vexiscapulae Koidz.; Cyrtomium devexiscapulae Koidz.; Phane- 



rophlebia jalcata var. devexiscapulae (Koidz.) Ohwi 



Nagaba-yabu-sotetsu. Pinnae narrower, broadly lanceolate, 

 8-13 cm. long, 2-A cm. wide, nearly equilateral and cuneate at 



base. Hills and low mountains; Honshu (Echigo Prov. to 



Kanto Distr. and wesrw.). Korea, China, and Indochina. 



2. Cyrtomium fortunei J. Smith. Phanerophlebia for- 

 tune! (J. Smith) Copel.; Aspidium falcatum var. fortunei (J. 

 Smith) Makino; Polystichum falcatum var. fortunei (J. Smith) 



Matsum.; Polystichum fortunei (J. Smith) Nakai Yabu- 



soTETsu. Rhizomes short, stout; stipes tufted, 15-30 cm. 

 long, densely scaly throughout, the scales dark brown, rather 

 firm, lustrous, lanceolate to ovate, sometimes hairlike, 7-12 

 mm. long, acuminate, pubescent on margin at tip; blades 

 broadly lanceolate, 30-60 cm. long, 10-15 cm. wide; pinnae 

 chartaceous, 12-26 pairs, broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate- 

 oblong, 5-7 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, gradually attenuate, sub- 

 sessile, usually auriculate on anterior side, subentire to minutely 

 toothed, with jointed short hairlike scales on both sides while 



young; indusia orbicular, subentire. Thickets in hills and 



low mountains; Hokkaido (Okushiri Isl.), Honshu, Shikoku, 

 Kyushu; common. s. Korea and China. 



Var. clivicola (Makino) Tagawa. Polystichum caryotideum 

 var. clivicola Makino; Polystichum clivicola (Makino) Makino; 



Cyrtomium clivicola (Makino) Tagawa Yama-yabu-so- 



TETsu. Pinnae (5-) 10-15 pairs, the lower ones largest, 

 about 15 cm. long, 6 cm. wide, coarsely crenate, often minutely 

 toothed; indusia erose. Woods in mountains; Honshu, Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu. 



Var. intermedium Tagawa. Phanerophlebia fortunei var. 

 intermedia (Tagawa) Ohwi; C. fortunei forma intermedium 



(Tagawa) Ching; C. yamamotoi Tagawa Miyako-yabu- 



soTETsu. Pinnae 10-12 pairs, usually broadly lanceolate, 10- 

 15 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, gradually narrowed to tip; indusia 



slightly undulate on margin. Honshu (s. Kanto Distr. and 



westw.), Kyushu. 



3. C>Ttomium caryotideum (Wall.) Presl. Phanero- 

 phlebia caryotidea (Wall.) Copel.; Aspidium caryotideum 



Wall, ex Hook. & Grev.; Aspidium anomophyllum Zenker; 

 Polystichum anomophyllum (Zenker) Nakai; Aspidium falca- 

 tum var. caryotideum (Wall.) Hook. & Bak.; Polystichum 

 caryotideum (Wall.) Diels; Polystichum falcatum var. caryo- 

 tideum (Wall.) Matsum. Me-yaeu-sotetsu. Rhizomes 



short, erect or ascending; stipes tufted, 20-40 cm. long, densely 

 scaly near base, sparsely so above, the scales lanceolate to ob- 

 long, 1-1.5 cm. long, dark brown, smaller in the upper ones; 

 blades 20-50 cm. long, 15-22 cm. wide; pinnae 3-6 pairs, ob- 

 long-ovate to ovate, 8-15 cm. long, 3-7 cm. wide, long-acumi- 

 nate, short-petiolulate, finely and regularly spine-toothed, usu- 

 ally with a prominent auricle on anterior side, or sometimes on 

 both sides in the lower ones, the terminal pinna large, 3- or 



2-cleft; indusia flat, laciniate-fimbriate. Calcareous areas; 



Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



China to India and Hawaii. 



4. Cyrtomium macrophyllum (Makino) Tagawa. 

 Phanerophlebia macrophylla (Makino) Okuyama; Aspidium 

 falcatum var. macrophyllum Makino; Polystichum falcatum 

 var. macrophyllum (Makino) Matsum.; Polystichum macro- 

 phyllum (Makino) Tagawa; C. falcatum var. muticum Christ; 

 C. caryotideum var. intermedium C. Chr.; C. muticum (Christ) 



C. Chr. Hiroha-yabu-sotetsu. Fronds tufted; stipes 20- 



30 cm. long, prominently scaly in lower half, sparsely so above, 

 the scales spreading, dark brown, lustrous, narrowly ovate to 

 linear-lanceolate, 7-10 mm. long, abrupdy acuminate, the up- 

 per ones gradually narrowed; blades 20-50 cm. long, 15-25 cm. 

 wide; pinnae 2-8 pairs, thinly chartaceous, the upper ones 

 ovate to oblong-ovate, abrupdy acuminate, usually rounded at 

 base, short-petiolulate, slightly unequal, subentire or irregu- 

 larly mucronate-toothed, the lower larger, 10-20 cm. long, 4-7 

 (-10) cm. wide, the terminal entire or 3-cleft; indusia nearly 



entire. Honshu (Kanto Distr. and Echigo Prov. westw.), 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Formosa (var.), China to the Hima- 

 layas. 



Cyrtomium tukusicola Tagawa. Tsukushi-yabu-sotetsu. 

 Intermediate between Nos. 2 and 4, differs from var. interme- 

 dium of No. 2 in the broader, fewer, 8-10(-13) not auricled 

 pinnae, and the larger terminal pinna, and from No. 4 in the 



smaller pinnae and erose indusia. Honshu (s. Kanto Distr. 



and westw.), and Kyushu. 



5. Cyrtomium vittatum Christ. Phanerophlebia vittata 

 (Christ) Cope!.; Polystichum vittatum (Christ) C. Chr.; Poly- 

 stichum miyasimense Kodama; Polystichum anomophyllum 

 var. miyasimense (Kodama) Nakai; Polystichum balansae 



Christ; Cyrtomium balansae (Christ) C. Chr. Miyajima- 



SHiDA. Fronds tufted; stipes 15-40 cm. long, rather densely 

 scaly, the scales membranous, lanceolate, acuminate, scarcely 

 lustrous, dull-brown, obsoletely denticulate, the basal ones 

 linear-lanceolate, about 1 cm. long; blades lanceolate, 30-50 

 cm. long, 10-15 cm. wide, the terminal segment lanceolate- 

 deltoid, acuminate, pinnatilobed; rachis with small ovate, den- 

 tate scales 1-2 mm. long; pinnae 10-20 pairs, firmly charta- 

 ceous, deltoid-lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, the lower ones 12-20 

 mm. wide, long-acuminate, falcate, obliquely broad-cuneate 

 at base, with short awn- or callose-tipped teeth on margin 

 except near base, auriculate on anterior side, with small ovate 



