60 



ASPIDIACEAE 



scales beneath while young; sori in 2 nearly regular series or 



irregularly dispersed; indusia small. Honshu (Miyajima in 



Aki Prov.), Kyushu; rare. China to Indochina. 



6. Cyrtomium tachiroanum (Luerss.) C. Chr. Phaner- 

 ophlebia tachiroana (Luerss.) Copel.; Polypodium tachiroanum 

 Luerss.; Polystichum tachiroanum (Luerss.) Tagawa; Poly- 

 stichum integripinnum Hayata; C. integripinnum (Hayata) 



Copel. HosoBA-YABu-soTETSu. Stipes tufted, 20-40 cm. 



long, straw-colored, scaly throughout, the scales thinly mem- 

 branous, linear- to ovate-lanceolate, pale brown, fugacious; 

 blades oblong-lanceolate, abruptly short-acuminate, the termi- 



nal segment pinnately lobed to parted; rachis pale green, the 

 scales sparse, lanceolate, 3-5 mm. long, lobulate-dentate, pale 

 brown; pinnae 13-17 pairs, firmly coriaceous, dull, linear-lan- 

 ceolate, 8-13 cm. long, 12-20 mm. wide, subequilateral, acumi- 

 nate, falcate or nearly straight, cuneate at base, very short- 

 petiolulate, entire or crenate toward base, glabrous above, the 

 scales beneath ovate, appressed, less than 1 mm. long, scales 

 of the costas lanceolate to ovate, 1-2 mm. long, ciliate near 

 base; sori 2-seriate or in a few irregular series; indusia small, 



subentire, flat. Kyushu (s. distr.); rare. Formosa, 



China, and Indochina. 



8. ARACHNIODES Bl. Kana-warabi Zoku 



Terrestrial; rhizomes mosdy long-creeping or sometimes short and ascending, dictyostelic, the scales entire or subentire; fronds 

 deltoid or ovate, with a broad base, bipinnate or more profusely divided, anadromous in branching, the ultimate pinnules 

 rhomboid, awned or spinose on the margin and apex; veins free; sori dorsal or subterminal on the veins; indusia mostly 

 orbicular-reniform. About 40 species, abundant in e. Asia, few in Malaysia, and New Zealand. 



lA. Blades herbaceous to coriaceous, ovate to ovate-oblong. 



2A. Blades simply pinnate to 4-pinnate, subcoriaceous; sori borne from tip to the base of pinnae. 



3A. Scales of stipe black-brovifn, narrowly oblong to broadly lanceolate, 3-5 mm. wide, abruptly filiform at tip; blades mostly longer 



than the stipe; rachis very scaly; pinnules mucronate- to obtuse-toothed 1. A. mtttica 



3B. Scales of stipe lanceolate to linear, scarcely more than 2.5 mm. wide; blades as long as to shorter than the stipe; rachis sparsely 

 scaly to nearly glabrous. 

 4A. Blades 2- to 4-pinnate; pinnae with posterior side mostly broader than the anterior. 



5A. Rhizomes long-creeping, with few stipes remotely placed 2. A. aristata 



5B. Rhizomes short-creeping, with many stipes closely placed. 

 6A. Pinnules spine-tipped; indusia 1-1.5 mm. across. 



7A. Pinnules firmly chartaceous to coriaceous, dark green when dried. 



8A. Sori nearer the costule than the margin; pinnules firmly coriaceous, pungent-toothed. 



9A. Blades 3-pinnate 3. /i. pseudoaristata 



9B. Blades 2-pinnate 4. .4. simplicior 



8B. Sori nearer the margin than the costule; pinnules firmly chartaceous to subcoriaceous, the teeth not pungent. 



5. A. amabilis 



7B. Pinnules herbaceous to firmly so, vivid to pale green when dried 6. A. nipponica 



6B. Pinnules crenate-toothed ; indusia 1.5-2.5 mm. across 1. A. cavaleriei 



4B. Blades simply pinnate, sometimes bipinnate to pinnatiparted at base; pinnae not broadened on the posterior side. . 8. A. assamica 



2B. Blades 4-pinnatiparted to 4-pinnate, thinly herbaceous; sori borne mostly at base of pinnae 9. A. standishii 



IB. Blades membranous, 5-angled or deltoid. 



lOA. Blades glabrous IQ. A. maximowiczii 



lOB. Blades hairy on both sides II. A. miqueliana 



1. Arachniodes mutica (Fr. & Sav.) Ohwi. Rumohra 2. Arachniodes aristata (Forst.) Tindale. Rumohra 



mutica (Fr. & Sav.) Ching; Aspidium muticum Fr. & Sav.; aristata (Forst.) Ching; Polypodium. aristatum Forst.; As- 



Dryopteris mutica (Fr. & Sav.) C. Chr.; Polystichopsis mutica pidium exile Hance; Polystichum aristatum (Forst.) Presl; 



(Fr. & Sav.) Tagawa Shinobu-kaguma. Rhizomes Arachniodes exilis (Hance) Ching; Polystichopsis aristata 



stout, rather short, erect to ascending; stipes tufted, 15-35 cm. (Forst.) Holttum; Byrsopteris aristata (Forst.) Morton 



long, straw-colored; scales dense, narrowly oblong to broadly Hosoba-kana-warabi. Rhizomes densely scaly, long-creep- 

 lanceolate, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 3-5(-7) mm. wide, abruptly ing; scales on rhizomes and basal portion of stipe mem- 

 filiform at the tip, sparsely ciliolate, lustrous, black-brown, branous, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 4-7 mm. long, about 1 

 those on upper part and on rachis linear-lanceolate to broadly mm. wide, gradually narrowed to a long filiform point, entire, 

 linear, 3-6 mm. long, 0.2-1 mm. wide, spreading, contorted; yellowish brown; scales on stipes and rachis deep brown, lin- 

 blades ovate, 25-50 cm. long, 13-25 cm. wide, short-acuminate, ear, 3-4 mm. long, subentire, filiform at tip; stipes few, remote, 

 tripinnate; pinnae obliquely spreading, narrowly ovate, acu- 30-60 cm. long, longer than the blade, pale green to straw- 

 minate, the lowermost 5-10 cm. long, the posterior side colored, rather sparsely scaly; blades ovate to broadly so, 20-40 

 broader than the anterior; pinnules narrowly ovate, 1-2.5 cm. cm. long, 12-25 cm. wide, distinctly tailed at apex, bipinnate 

 long, obtuse to subacute, mucronate- to obtuse-toothed, pin- or subtripinnate, with 1 (to few) pinnate branch on the low- 

 nately divided to parted, deep green and lustrous above, paler est pinnae; pinnules coriaceous, oblong-ovate to narrowly ovate, 

 and minutely scaly beneath; sori on the upper part of blade, 7-20 mm. long, abrupdy spine-tipped, spine-toothed, glabrate, 

 usually descending to the lower penultimate pair of pinnae, lustrous above; sori median, in 2 series on the pinnules; indusia 



median; indusia orbicular-reniform, erose. Coniferous orbicular-reniform, about 1 mm. across. ^Woods; Honshu 



woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (Kinki Distr. and (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. ^Korea, Ry- 



northw.), Shikoku, Kyushu (Yakushjma). Sakhalin and Ko- ukyus, Formosa, China, Malaysia to India, and Polynesia. 



rea (Dagelet Isl.). 3. Arachniodes pseudoaristata (Tagawa) Ohwi. Ru- 



