68 



ASPIDIACEAE 



iTACHi-SHiDA. Rhizomes short; stipes 20-60 cm. long, 

 brown, sparsely scaly throughout while young, rather densely 

 so at base; scales pale brown, deciduous, spreading, broadly 

 lanceolate, 3-10 mm. long, acuminate, entire; basal scales 

 membranous, linear-lanceolate, 10-15 mm. long; blades nar- 

 rowly ovate or oblong-ovate, 30-50 cm. long, 15-25 cm. wide, 

 bipinnate, or the larger often tripinnate at base, acuminate, the 

 rachis straw-colored, usually suffused red-purple, often pale 

 brown on lower half beneath, smooth, lustrous; pinnae 7-10 

 pairs, deltoid-ovate to -lanceolate, obliquely spreading, short- 

 caudate at apex, petiolulate, the lowest pinnae oblique; pin- 

 nules broadly lanceolate to broadly oblong-ovate, 1-3 cm. long, 

 4-20 mm. wide, obtuse to acute, mucronate-toothed, nearly gla- 

 brous on both sides, usually pinnately parted to lobed, the low- 

 est pinnule of the basal pinnae largest, 5-12 cm. long, often 

 pinnate; divisions of the pinnules narrowly oblong, 2.5-5 nam. 

 wide, obtuse; sori in 2 distinct or in more or less irregular 

 series, median on the ultimate pinnules; indusia orbicular-reni- 

 form, about 1 mm. across, entire, slightly incurved on margin. 



Honshu (s. Kanto through Tokaido to Kinki Distr.), Shi- 



koku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, China to Malaysia, and 



India. 



20. Dryopteris decipiens (Hook.) O. Kuntze. Aspid- 

 ium decipiens (Hook.) Luerss.; Nephrodium decipiens Hook. 



Nachi-kujaku, Iwa-uraboshi. Rhizomes ascending to 



short-creeping, densely covered with the basal part of old 

 stipes; fronds evergreen; stipes 10-30 cm. long; basal scales 

 rather dense, black-brown, broadly linear to linear-lanceo- 

 late, 8-10 mm. long, the upper ones 5-8 mm. long, entire; 

 blades broadly lanceolate, 25-40 cm. long, 8-18 cm. wide, 

 acuminate, simply pinnate; rachis slender, the scales linear, 

 black-brown, spreading, saccate at base; pinnae deltoid-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, crenate, somewhat falcate, glabrous above, 

 with short hairlike scales beneath, short-petiolulate, pinnately 

 lobed to lobulate, the costas with small saccate scales beneath; 

 veins pinnate, oblique, the veinlets simple or forked; sori in 2 

 series, nearer the costa than the margin; indusia orbicular- 

 reniform, 1-1.2 mm. across, brown, entire. Honshu (To- 

 kaido to s. Kinki and Chugoku Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 

 Ryukyus and China. 



21. Dryopteris championii (Benth.) Ching. Aspidium 

 championii Benth.; D. erythrosora var. cavaleriei Rosenst.; D. 



pseudoerythrosora Kodama; D. liin\iensis Koidz. Saikoku- 



BENi-SHiDA. Rhizomes short; fronds evergreen; stipes 20-50 

 cm. long, densely scaly; scales spreading, membranous, brown, 

 slightly lustrous, linear- to lanceolate-deltoid or sometimes 

 ovate, 8-15 mm. long, narrowed to a filiform tip, prominently 

 spine-toothed, except at the tip; blades oblong-ovate to ovate, 

 30-50 cm. long, 20-30 cm. wide, gradually or abruptly caudate- 

 acuminate, broadest near base, bipinnate, the rachis densely 

 scaly; pinnae 10-13 pairs, deltoid-lanceolate, 10-20 cm. long, 

 2.5-5 cm. wide, oblique, acuminate, usually broadest at base, 

 short-petiolulate; pinnules thick-chartaceous, oblong-ovate to 

 ovate, obtuse to rounded or subacute, broadly cuneate to 

 rounded at base, usually with a small auricle on each side at 

 base, sessile or very short-petiolulate, toothed, glabrous above, 

 sometimes lobed, with short hairlike scales beneath while 

 young; sori in 2 series, nearly median between the costule and 

 margin; indusia orbicular-reniform, 1-1.2 mm. across, suben- 



tire. Honshu (s. Kanto through Tokaido and s. Shinano to 



Kinki Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Korea and 



China. 



22. Dryopteris fuscipes C. Chr. Nephrodium erythro- 

 sorum var. obtusum Makino; D. erythrosora var. ohtusa (Ma- 

 kino) Makino; D. ohtusissima Makino; D. bipinnata C. Chr., 

 non Copel.; D. medioxima Koidz.; D. Tna\inoi Koidz.; D. 



inuyamensis H. Ito Maruba-beni-shida. Rhizomes short, 



ascending; fronds evergreen, stipes 20-40 cm. long, straw- 

 colored or brownish, rather densely scaly; scales spreading, 

 linear-lanceolate, 5-10(-15) mm. long, brown, gradually long- 

 acuminate, entire; blades oblong- to deltoid-ovate, 25-50 cm. 

 long, 15-30 cm. wide, bipinnate, the rachis rather densely scaly; 

 pinnae 10-13 pairs, lanceolate to broadly so, 2-4 cm. wide, 

 long-acuminate, the rachis with small brown ovate-saccate 

 scales beneath; pinnules broadly lanceolate, elliptic to oblong, 

 acute to obtuse or truncate at apex, sessile, entire or crenately 

 mucronate-toothed, sometimes auricled on anterior side at base, 

 nearly glabrous above, with hairlike appressed scales beneath; 

 sori mostly median, few, in 2 rows on the lower portion of the 

 pinnules, 1-1.5 mm. across, entire, membranous on margin. 



Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Formosa and China. 



23. Dryopteris indusiata (Makino) Makino & Yama- 

 moto. Nephrodium gymnosorum var. indusiatum Makino; D. 

 gymnosora var. indusiata (Makino) Makino ^Nuka-itachi- 



SHIDA-MODOKI, NuKA-lTACHI-SHIDA-MAGAI. RhizomeS short, 



stout; stipes 20-45 cm. long, scaly; scales near base brown to 

 black-brown, linear-lanceolate, 6-10 mm. long, entire, the 

 upper ones membranous, deflexed, lanceolate-deltoid, 3-5 mm. 

 long, entire; blades narrowly deltoid or deltoid-ovate, 20-50 

 cm. long, 15-30 cm. wide, acuminate, bipinnate, the rachis with 

 small lanceolate-deltoid scales cordate or saccate at base; pinnae 

 deltoid-lanceolate, 15-20 cm. long, 3-7 cm. wide, acuminate, 

 sessile or nearly so, usually horizontally spreading, the rachis 

 and costules beneath with appressed ovate-saccate brown scales 

 about 1 mm. long; pinnules deltoid-ovate to narrowly oblong, 

 1.5-4.5 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, obtuse to rounded at apex, 

 truncate, sometimes rounded at base, somewhat whitish be- 

 neath, sessile, usually pinnately parted to lobed, at least the 

 lower, toothed; veins indistinct; sori median, usually in 2 

 series on the pinnules; indusia orbicular-reniform, entire, about 



1 mm. across. Honshu (Izu, Mikawa Prov. and westw.), 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Formosa. 



24. Dryopteris erythrosora (Eaton) O. Kuntze. As- 

 pidium erythrosorum Eaton; Nephrodium erythrosorum 

 (Eaton) Hook.; A. filix-mas var. erythrosorum (Eaton) Christ; 

 A. prolificum Maxim.; D. erythrosora var. prolifica (Maxim.) 



Makino Beni-shida. Rhizomes ascending, stout; fronds 



evergreen; stipes 30-60 cm. long, often reddish or brownish; 

 scales linear to linear-lanceolate, nearly entire, brown to black- 

 brown, 10-15 mm. long in the basal, the upper ones smaller; 

 blades broadly ovate to oblong, 30-70 cm. long, 15-35 cm. 

 wide, acuminate, bipinnate, the rachis with linear-lanceolate to 

 linear scales 2-3.5 mm. long; pinnae 8-12 pairs, sessile or 

 nearly so, acuminate, the rachis with appressed ovate-saccate 

 small scales with or without a linear tail; pinnules narrowly 

 oblong to linear-lanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide, acute 

 to rounded at apex, toothed, sometimes pinnately lobed, nearly 

 glabrous above, with appressed hairlike short scales on veins 

 beneath; sori mostly median, in 2 series on the pinnules; 

 indusia often reddish while young, orbicular-reniform, entire, 



about 1.5 mm. across. Woods in low mountains and hills; 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very common and variable. 



Korea, Ryukyus, Formosa, China to Philippines. 



