70 



ASPIDIACEAE 



the basal stubs of old stipes; stipes few, 20-60 cm. long, brown, 

 scaly; scales spreading, the lower lanceolate, 10-15 mm. long, 

 entire, black-brown, lustrous, the upper ones often deflexed, 

 broadly linear, 2-7 mm. long, dilated at base; blades bipinnate, 

 broadly ovate, 25-40 cm. long, 25-30 cm. wide, abruptly long- 

 acuminate, mostly 5-angled; scales on rachis rather numerous, 

 subulate-linear, black-brown, saccate at base; lowest pinnae 

 lanceolate to broadly so, broadest at base, caudate-acuminate, 

 short-petiolulate to subsessile, the lowest subdeltoid, with a 

 very broad posterior side, the petiolule 1-1.5 cm. long; pinnules 

 and ultimate segments narrowly ovate-oblong or lanceolate, 

 1.5-4 cm. long, 7-15 mm. wide, obtuse to subacute, auriculate 

 on anterior side and obliquely cuneate at base, with short awn- 

 tipped teeth, subsessile or adnate and slightly decurrent at 

 base, the lower ones pinnately lobed to parted, the lowest 

 posterior pinnules of the lowest pinnae caudate-acuminate, 

 pinnate, 10-15 cm. long, 2.5-3 cm. wide; sori in 2 series; 



indusia orbicular-reniform, about 1 mm. across, entire. 



Honshu (Totomi Prov. and Kinki Distr. westw.), Kyushu. 



Formosa. 



30. Dryopteris chinensis (Bak.) Koidz. Nephrodium 

 chinense Bak.; N. subtripinnatum Bak., excl. syn.; Aspidium 

 subtripinnatum sensu auct. Japon., non Miq.; D. subtripinnata 

 sensu auct. Japon., non O. Kuntze ^Misaki-kaguma. Rhi- 

 zomes creeping, short, usually densely covered with stubs of 

 old stipes; fronds deciduous; stipes 15-30 cm. long, slender, 

 pale green to brownish, scaly; scales brown, broadly lanceolate, 

 3-10 mm. long, short-acuminate, remotely toothed to entire; 

 blades 5-angled, broadly ovate, 15-25 cm. long, 10-22 cm. wide, 

 bipinnate, the rachis slender, with spreading scales 1.5-2.5 mm. 

 long; pinnae 5-6 pairs, thinly herbaceous, deltoid-ovate to 

 -lanceolate, 7-15 cm. long, 5-10 cm. wide, acuminate, spread- 

 ing, the petiolules 1-2.5 cm. long; pinnules ovate-oblong, 1-2 

 cm. long, 4-12 mm. wide, obtuse, very short-petiolulate, pin- 

 nately lobed to parted, or the lowest one pinnatifid; ultimate 

 pinnules oblong, toothed, 2-3 mm. wide, with minute hairlike 

 scales beneath; sori submarginal, near sinus of the teeth; in- 

 dusia orbicular-reniform, about 0.7 mm. across, entire. 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea and China. 



31. Dryopteris gymnophylla (Bak.) C. Chr. N<?- 

 phrodium gymnophyllum Bak.; D. subtripinnata var. sa\uraii 

 Rosenst.; D. \oraiensis Tagawa; D. chinensis var. sa\uraii 



(Rosenst.) H. Ito; D. sa\uraii (Rosenst.) Tagawa Sakurai- 



KAGUMA. Rhizomes creeping, short to somewhat elongate; 

 stipes slender, pale green, lustrous, 15-30 cm. long, nearly 

 naked except for few scales near base; scales brown, lanceolate, 

 4-8 mm. long; blades 5-angled, broadly ovate, 20^0 cm. long, 

 15-30 cm. wide, bipinnate, abruptly long-acuminate, nearly 

 scaleless and smooth, the rachis pale green; pinnae 5-8 pairs, 

 thick-herbaceous, spreading, the lower ones distinctly petiolu- 

 late, broadly deltoid-lanceolate, the lowest subdeltoid with a 

 dilated posterior side, the petiolules 2-5 cm. long; pinnules ob- 

 long-lanceolate, 1.5-4 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, acute to obtuse, 

 cuneate to truncate at base, pinnately lobed to parted, crenate, 

 the lowest one 5-15 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, pinnatiparted to 

 bipinnatiparted, petiolulate; sori near the sinus of the teeth, 

 median or sometimes subcostal; indusia orbicular-reniform or 



reniform, hyaline, about 0.7 mm. across, erose-dentate. 



Honshu (Kanto Distr. to Kai, s. Shinano, and Mikawa Prov.). 

 Korea, China, and Manchuria. 



32. Dryopteris gymnosora (Makino) C. Chr. Nephrod- 

 ium gymnosorum Makino ^Nuka-itachi-shida. Rhizomes 



short; stipes 30-50 cm. long, slender, sparsely scaly, straw- 

 colored, often brownish purple on under side, the scales at base 

 linear, 6-8 mm. long, nearly entire, brown to black-brown, the 

 upper ones very sparse, linear to fiUform, 3-4 mm. long, brown; 

 blades narrowly to broadly ovate, sometimes nearly deltoid, 

 25-45 cm. long, 18-30 cm. wide, somewhat contracted in 

 upper part, acuminate; pinnae lanceolate-deltoid to broadly 

 lanceolate, 3-6 cm. wide, caudate-acuminate, sessile, spreading, 

 the lowest ones with a broader posterior side, the rachis and un- 

 derside of costules with small, brown, globose-saccate scales 

 with or without a filiform tip; pinnules herbaceous, broadly 

 lanceolate to narrowly deltoid-ovate, 1.5-5 cm. long, 5-22 mm. 

 wide, obtuse to subacute, sessile, pinnately lobed to parted, as- 

 cending-toothed; indusia absent. Honshu (Izu Prov. 



through Tokaido to Kinki Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



12. CTENITIS (C. Chr.) C. Chr. Katsumo-inode Zoku 



Terrestrial fern of moderate to large size; rhizomes short, ascending, erect, or rarely creeping, scaly; fronds bipinnatifid to 

 decompound, broadest at base, the ultimate divisions usually rounded to obtuse, the rachis usually with toothed scales, the 

 upper side mostly with jointed multicellular hairs; veins free, simple or branched; sori on the veins; indusia orbicular-reniform, 

 sometimes absent. About 150 species in the warmer regions of the world. 



lA. Lowest posterior pinnule of the lowest pinnae smaller than the others 1. C. maximoivicziana 



IB. Lowest posterior pinnule of the lowest pinnae the largest. 

 2A. Indusium present; fronds 2- to 4-pinnate. 



3A. Fronds 3- to 4-pinnate; scales on rachis and upper half of the stipes appressed 2. C. subglandulosa 



3B. Fronds 2-pinnate; scales on rachis and upper half of the stipes spreading 3. C. eatonii 



2B. Indusium absent; fronds once-pinnate, but the lowest pinnae often again pinnate in large specimens 4. sinii 



1. Ctenitis maximowicziana (Miq.) Ching. Aspidium broadly so, 40-80 cm. long, 25-50 cm. wide, acuminate, 3-pin- 



maximowiczianum Miq.; Dryopteris maximowicziana (Miq.) natiparted to subtripinnate; pinnae broadly lanceolate to nar- 



C. Chr.; A. matsumurae Makino; Nephrodium matsumurae rowly oblong-ovate, 5-8 cm. wide, acuminate, short-petiolulate; 



(Makino) Makino; D. matsumurae (Makino) C. Chr. Shik- pinnules narrowly oblong-ovate, 2.5-4 cm. long, 1-1.2 cm. 



AGA-SHiDA, KiYosuMi-HiME-wARABi. Rhizomes short; stipes 20- wide, obtuse, pinnately parted, entire to crenate or lobulate, 



40 cm. long, densely scaly; scales membranous, spreading to de- sparingly pilose on both sides, more densely so on the costule 



flexed, brown, broadly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 7-15 mm. above, the lowest posterior pinnule smaller than the adjacent 



long, those on the rachis 4-10 mm. long, entire; blades ovate to ones; ultimate pinnules oblong, obtuse, crenate to lobulate; sori 



